Institutionalising the ‘skollie’: social labelling and philanthropic institutional reform at Klaasjagersberg State Institution for Coloured boys c. 1934-1979

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dc.contributor.advisorFransch, Chet James Paulen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBarnard, Danielaen_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of History.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-11T08:46:17Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-29T09:30:00Z
dc.date.available2022-03-11T08:46:17Z
dc.date.available2022-04-29T09:30:00Z
dc.date.issued2022-03
dc.descriptionThesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Existing research on punishment and (re)education in state institutions in South Africa reflects the shift in penological discourse from punitive to rehabilitation of children deemed delinquent or ‘in need’. This was racially determined and subject to shifts in global penology, complex internal political wrangling, and further complicated by a racially defined, and an overly bureaucratic, educational system. Institutional histories on Porter Reformatory for Coloured boys (c. 1882-1952), Diepkloof Reformatory for Black boys (c. 1937-1952) and Ottery School of Industries for Coloured boys (c. 1937-1968), for example, provide a remarkable foundation from which education, rehabilitation and punishment are critically analysed. The hitherto unknown Coloured Affairs Department projects, the Klaasjagersberg Youth Preparatory Courses of 1956 and the Klaasjagersberg State Institution that existed between 1959 and 1979, are the focus of this dissertation. These were established during a particularly turbulent period of Coloured political fracturing in the Cape. The state and the pro-assimilationist C.A.D. embarked on a joint project to implement a preventative state solution for the supposed ‘skolliemenace’. Intricately intertwined was the changing definitions of skollie and juvenile delinquent; and the ways in which state, Coloured politicians and Coloured communities were drawn into this ‘philanthropic’ endeavour under the apartheid welfare state system between 1937 and 1979. This dissertation argues that more attention should be given to the preventative ambitions during the establishment of Klaasjagersberg State Institution as it served as a proverbial playing field in which local political and community aspirations infused into the national debates on state philanthropy, education, rehabilitation and even the prevention of the elusive skollie.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bestaande navorsing oor straf en (her)opvoeding in staatsinrigtings in Suid-Afrika weerspieël die verskuiwing in penologiese veld van bestraffende na die rehabilitasie van kinders wat as misdadig of 'behoeftig' beskou word. Dit was rasgebonde en onderhewig aan verskuiwings in globale penologie, komplekse interne politieke twis, en was ook verder gekompliseer deur 'n rasgedefinieerde en 'n te burokratiese onderwysstelsel. Institusionele geskiedenisse oor die Porter Verbeteringskool vir Kleurling seuns (c. 1882-1952), die Diepkloof Verbeteringskool vir Swart seuns (c. 1937-1952) en die Ottery Industriële skool vir Kleurling seuns (c. 1937-1968), verskaf byvoorbeeld 'n merkwaardige grondslag waaruit onderwys, rehabilitasie en straf krities ontleed word. Die tot dusver onbekende Kleurlingsake Departement-projekte, naamlik die Klaasjagersberg Jeugvoorbereidingskursusse van 1956 en die Klaasjagersberg Staatsinrigting wat tussen 1959 en 1979 bestaan het, is die fokus van hierdie tesis. Hierdie projekte was gestig tydens 'n besonder onstuimige tydperk van Kleurling politieke verbreking in die Kaap. Die staat en die pro-assimilasie Kleurlingsake Departement het 'n gesamentlike projek aangepak om 'n voorkomende staatsoplossing vir die vermeende 'skollie-bedreiging' te implementeer. Die veranderende definisies van ‘skollie’ en jeugmisdadiger was in ‘n ingewikkelde aard gevleg met die maniere waarop die staat, Kleurling politici en Kleurling gemeenskappe by hierdie 'filantropiese' strewe onder die apartheidswelsynstaatstelsel tussen 1937 en 1979 ingetrek is. Hierdie tesis voer aan dat verhoogde aandag toegewy moet word aan die voorkomende ambisies tydens die totstandkoming van Klaasjagersberg Staatsinrigting aangesien dit as 'n spreekwoordelike speelveld gedien het waarin plaaslike politieke en gemeenskapsaspirasies toegedien is in die nasionale debatte oor staatsfilantropie, onderwys, rehabilitasie en selfs die voorkoming van die ontwykende ‘skollie’.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMastersen_ZA
dc.format.extent254 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124743
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subjectBoys -- Rehabilitation -- South Africaen_ZA
dc.subjectJuvenile delinquency -- South Africaen_ZA
dc.subjectApartheid welfare state systemen_ZA
dc.subjectReformatories -- South Africa -- Historyen_ZA
dc.subjectColored people (South Africa) -- Government policy -- 20th centuryen_ZA
dc.titleInstitutionalising the ‘skollie’: social labelling and philanthropic institutional reform at Klaasjagersberg State Institution for Coloured boys c. 1934-1979en_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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