Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities
Date
2020-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Water temperature is often monitored at water sources and treatment works; however, there
is limited monitoring of the water temperature in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS),
despite a known impact on physical, chemical and microbial reactions which impact water quality.
A key parameter influencing drinking water temperature is soil temperature, which is influenced by
the urban heat island e ects. This paper provides critique and comprehensive summary of the current
knowledge, policies and challenges regarding drinking water temperature research and presents
the findings from a survey of international stakeholders. Knowledge gaps as well as challenges
and opportunities for monitoring and research are identified. The conclusion of the study is that
temperature in the DWDS is an emerging concern in various countries regardless of the water source
and treatment, climate conditions, or network characteristics such as topology, pipe material or
diameter. More research is needed, especially to determine (i) the e ect of higher temperatures, (ii) a
legislative limit on temperature and (iii) measures to comply with this limit.
Description
CITATION: Agudelo-Vera, Claudia et al. 2020. Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities. Water, 12(4):1049, doi:10.3390/w12041049.
The original publication is available at: https://www.mdpi.com
The original publication is available at: https://www.mdpi.com
Keywords
Tap water -- Temperature, Climate change, Drinking water treatment devices, Subsurface urban heat island, Water quality -- Safety, Water-supply engineering
Citation
Agudelo-Vera, Claudia et al. 2020. Drinking water temperature around the globe : understanding, policies, challenges and opportunities. Water, 12(4):1049, doi:10.3390/w12041049