The experiences of headers of child-headed households in the greater Sekhukhune district of the Limpopo Province

Date
2020-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has many child-headed households that are forced to fend for themselves in their daily struggle to make ends meet. When caregivers leave their families - due to socio-economic challenges, illness, or death - relationships diminish, and caregiving disintegrates. This would often result in a minor sibling having to take over the role of an adult caregiver to care for and protect the rest of the household. The Children’s Act 38 of 2005 determines that children in child-headed households may be in need of care and protection and that such households must be investigated by a social worker to establish if they need care and protection. If it was found that there was no need for care and protection, the social worker must take measures to assist the children with counselling, prevention, and early intervention services. It was found that immediately after being left as headers of their households, headers took on a caregiver role to provide support, to care for, and to protect their siblings.Other findings were that headers of child-headed households shared their daily household responsibilities with their siblings, and that headers of child-headed households needed food, shelter, and clothes to improve the daily lives of their households. It was also found that headers were economically vulnerable because they had no stable income, while they still had to take care of their households. A further finding was that although headers of child-headed households were responsible for their households, they still managed or tried to attend school alongside their siblings. It was also established that headers of child-headed households were unaware of their rights or any alternative options available to them, and of social services that could have been rendered to them. It was established that headers of child-headed households generally had difficult and challenging experiences characterised by parental or adult care deprivation. It was deducted that the provisions made for child-headed households in the Children’s Act of 38 of 2005, as amended (Act 41 of 2007) is not executed in practice. It is recommended that the South African government take all necessary measures to promote the rights of the headers of child-headed households and to prevent that they are discriminated against by being forced to take up social roles normally reserved for 6 adults. It is also recommended that social workers must adhere to the requirements of all appropriate legislation pertaining to service delivery to child-headed households, by implementing measures that will assist child-headed households, by providing counselling, mediation, prevention and early intervention services, family reconstruction and rehabilitation, behaviour modification, problem solving and referral to other suitably qualified persons or organisations.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In Suid-Afrika is daar talle huishoudings met ’n minderjarige aan die hoof wat daagliks sukkel om kop bo water te hou.Wanneer versorgers hul families verlaat - hetsy weens sosio-ekonomiese uitdagings, siekte, of dood - verswak verhoudings en word versorging afgeskeep. Hierdie gebeurtenis veroorsaak dikwels dat ’n minderjarige broer of suster die rol van die versorger oorneem ten einde vir die res van die huishouding te sorg en om hulle te beskerm. Die Kinderwet 38 van 2005 bepaal dat kinders in huishoudings met ’n minderjarige aan die hoof, moontlik versorging en beskerming nodig het en dat ’n maatskaplike werker ondersoek moet instel na sodanige huishoudings om vas te stel of daardie huishouding versorging en beskerming nodig het. Indien vasgestel word dat dit nie nodig is vir sorg en beskerming nie, moet die maatskaplike werker die nodige stappe neem om die kinders van die huishouding by te staan met berading, voorkoming, en vroeë ingrypingsdienste.Daar is gevind dat, in die tyd onmiddellik nadat die versorger die huishouding verlaat het, die minderjarige hoofde die rol van die versorger oorneem om vir hulle broers of susters te sorg en te beskerm. Daar is ook gevind dat die minderjarige hoof hul dag-tot-dag verantwoordelikhede met hul susters en broers deel en dat die minderjarige hoof ’n behoefte het aan kos, skuiling, en klere om die lewens van sy gesinslede te verbeter. Voorts is vasgestel dat die minderjarige hoofde ekonomies kwesbaar is aangesien hulle nie ’n vaste inkomste verdien nie en steeds na hul gesinne moet omsien. Daar is ook opgelet dat, alhoewel die minderjarige hoofde verantwoordelik is vir hul gesinne, hulle dit regkry of poog om steeds skool te gaan saam met hul broers of susters. Dit het na vore gekom dat die minderjarige hoofde van huishoudings onbewus was van hulle regte en enige ander opsies wat tot hulle beskikking was, asook van maatskaplike dienste wat aan hulle gelewer sou kon word nie. Dit is duidelik dat minderjarige hoofde uitdagings in die gesig staar weens die ontneming van ouerlike of volwasse sorg. Daar is afgelei dat die bepalings van die Kinderwet 38 van 8 2005, soos gewysing deur wet 41 van 2007, in praktyk nie toegepas word vir huishoudings met ’n minderjarige persoon aan die hoof nie. Dit word aanbeveel dat die Suid-Afrikaanse regering alle moontlike stappe moet neem om die regte van minderjarige hoofde van huishoudings te bevorder en daar moenie teen die minderjarige hoof gediskrimineer word nie deur te verwag dat hulle bloot die volwassene se verpligtinge sal oorneem. Voorts word aanbeveel dat maatskaplike werkers moet voldoen aan die bepalings van alle wetgewing te make met dienslewering aan huishoudings met ’n minderjarige aan die hoof deur maatreëls in plek te stel wat die huishoudings met ’n minderjarige aan die hoof sal help by wyse van berading, mediasie, voorkoming en vroeë ingrypingsdienste, gesinshereniging en herstel, gedragsverandering, probleemoplossing en verwysing na ander toepaslike persone of organisasies.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2020.
Keywords
Heads of households -- South Africa -- Limpopo, Family heads -- South Africa -- Limpopo, Child caregivers -- South Africa -- Limpopo, Children's rights, Children -- Legal status, laws, etc., Child welfare, Human rights, Youth-headed households -- South Africa -- Limpopo, Children -- South Africa -- Limpopo -- Social conditions, UCTD
Citation