Canary in the coliform mine : exploring the industrial application limits of a microbial respiration alarm system

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dc.contributor.authorStone, Wendyen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorLouw, Tobi M.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBooysen, Marthinus J.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWolfaardt, Gideon M.en_ZA
dc.contributor.editorZhang, Daweien_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-12T12:24:21Z
dc.date.available2022-01-12T12:24:21Z
dc.date.issued2021-03-04
dc.descriptionCITATION: Stone, W., et al. 2021. Canary in the coliform mine : exploring the industrial application limits of a microbial respiration alarm system. PLoS ONE 16(3):e0247910, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247910.en_ZA
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://journals.plos.org/plosone/en_ZA
dc.descriptionPublication of this article was funded by the Stellenbosch University Open Access Funden_ZA
dc.description.abstractFundamental ecological principles of ecosystem-level respiration are extensively applied in greenhouse gas and elemental cycle studies. A laboratory system termed CEMS (Carbon Dioxide Evolution Measurement System), developed to explore microbial biofilm growth and metabolic responses, was evaluated as an early-warning system for microbial disturbances in industrial settings: in (a) potable water system contamination, and (b) bioreactor inhibition. Respiration was detected as CO₂ production, rather than O₂ consumption, including aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Design, thresholds, and benefits of the remote CO₂ monitoring technology were described. Headspace CO₂ correlated with contamination levels, as well as chemical (R² > 0.83–0.96) and microbiological water quality indicators (R² > 0.78–0.88). Detection thresholds were limiting factors in monitoring drinking water to national and inter- national standards (0 CFU/100 mL fecal coliforms) in both open- (>1500 CFU/mL) and closed-loop CO₂ measuring regimes (>100 CFU/100 mL). However, closed-loop detection thresholds allow for the detection of significant contamination events, and monitoring less stringent systems such as irrigation water (<100 CFU/mL). Whole-system respiration was effectively harnessed as an early-warning system in bioreactor performance monitoring. Models were used to deconvolute biological CO₂ fluctuations from chemical CO₂ dynamics, to optimize this real-time, sustainable, low-waste technology, facilitating timeous responses to biological disturbances in bioreactors.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0247910
dc.description.versionPublisher's versionen_ZA
dc.format.extent15 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationStone, W., et al. 2021. Canary in the coliform mine : exploring the industrial application limits of a microbial respiration alarm system. PLoS ONE 16(3):e0247910, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247910en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247910
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124065
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectColiform monitoringen_ZA
dc.subjectMicrobial respiration -- Measurementen_ZA
dc.subjectCarbon Dioxide Evolution Measurement Systemen_ZA
dc.subjectMicrobial contaminationen_ZA
dc.titleCanary in the coliform mine : exploring the industrial application limits of a microbial respiration alarm systemen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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