Development of a gender mainstreaming capability maturity model to support energy security in energy project development

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dc.contributor.advisorDe Kock, Imke H.en_ZA
dc.contributor.advisorMusango, Josephine Kavitien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOosthuizen, Lelanien_ZA
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Industrial Engineering.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-10T12:15:39Zen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-29T09:38:12Zen_ZA
dc.date.available2022-02-10T12:15:39Zen_ZA
dc.date.available2022-04-29T09:38:12Zen_ZA
dc.date.issued2022-04en_ZA
dc.descriptionThesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH SUMMARY: Gender mainstreaming is a modern approach to promote gender equality between men and women by assessing the implications for women and men of any action, legislation, policy or project to ultimately bridge gender awareness into consciousness and daily routine. Gender mainstreaming has been proven to increase energy projects’ effectiveness and efficiency, improve the project’s social and economic impacts and align the project’s effects on men and women; thus, increasing the overall contribution of the energy project to energy access and sustainable energy for all. Literature highlights that gender mainstreaming is a long-term, progressive process and goal. Nevertheless, short-term gendered energy solutions dominate the energy project development landscape, resulting in tension between the long-term focus of gender mainstreaming strategies and the lack of long-term-oriented evaluation methods for gender mainstreaming in energy project development. Moreover, at the project level, there is a lack of decision-support approaches to evaluate gender mainstreaming implementation in energy project development and to serve as an enabler for the long-term continuous improvement thereof. This lack inhibits the sustainable development and implementation of gender-conscious energy projects that, as a result, contribute to energy poverty and insecurity. A structured literature review was performed to understand the factors that influence the mainstreaming of gender in energy projects and to understand connections and disconnections that exist in the literature between gender mainstreaming and energy project development. Based on the findings of the structured literature review, it was concluded that the literature captures a comprehensive set of influencing factors of gender mainstreaming in energy systems; but that literature does not propose or address the evaluation of gender mainstreaming implementation in energy project development that may enable its continuous improvement as a long-term progressive process and goal. Given the role of gender mainstreaming in energy projects to address gender inequality and resultant energy insecurity, more research efforts across these bodies of knowledge are required. The aim of this research was thus to contribute towards increasingly effective and efficient gender mainstreaming implementation on the project level of an energy system through, firstly the proposition and development of a decision-support approach for the evaluation of gender mainstreaming in energy project development; and secondly the provision of the basis for the identification of the current state to which gender is mainstreamed in energy project development to determine possible improvement areas. The research employs existing theoretical and conceptual research on gender mainstreaming and energy project development to infer and propose a decision-support approach for the evaluation of gender mainstreaming in energy project development. This research is therefore a non-empirical, qualitative study that utilises both inductive and deductive approaches in an investigative manner. The Gender Mainstreaming Capability Maturity Model for Energy Project Development (GM-CMM4EP) was developed and proposed as the designed result of the requirement specifications. Given the conceptual nature of the GM-CMM4EP and the stated importance of practical utility, the proposed maturity model was operationalised by translating the tabular maturity model into a methodology. Furthermore, this methodology was used to transform the theoretical constructs of the maturity model into a practicable assessment tool that may be transferred to users. The proposed GM-CMM4EP undergoes an evaluation process that consists of verification and validation with subject matter experts: (i) verifying that the requirement specifications have been satisfied by the research product and that the proposed solution is fit for its intended purpose of use; and (ii) validating the applicability, practicability and usability of the proposed maturity model to prove that it is representative of a real-world phenomenon. The findings of the evaluation showcased that the GM-CMM4EP is a decision-support method for the evaluation of gender mainstreaming in energy project development; and that the GM-CMM4EP provides a basis for the identification of the current state to which gender is mainstreamed in an energy project, thus enabling the improvement of gender mainstreaming in the energy project and contributing to sustainable energy and gender equality.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANS OPSOMMING: Geslagsintegrasie is a moderne benadering om geslagsgelykheid tussen mans en vroue te bevorder deur die implikasies van enige aksie, wetgewing, beleid of projek op mans en vroue te evalueer – om uiteindelik geslagsbewustheid in bewussyn en daaglike roetine te oorbrug. Daar is bewys dat geslagsintegrasie energieprojekte se effektiwiteit en doeltreffendheid verhoog, die projek se sosiale en ekonomiese impakte verbeter en die projek se uitwerking op mans en vroue in lyn bring – en so dus die algehele bydrae van die energieprojek tot energietoegang en volhoubare energie vir almal, verhoog. Literatuur beklemtoon dat die integrering van geslag 'n langtermyn, progressiewe proses en doelwit is. Nietemin oorheers korttermyn geslag-sensitiewe energieoplossings die ontwikkelingslandskap van energieprojekte. Dit veroorsaak spanning tussen (i) die langtermyn-fokus van geslagsintegrasie-strategieë en (ii) die gebrek aan langtermyn-georiënteerde evalueringsmetodes vir geslagsintegrasie in die ontwikkeling van energieprojekte. Boonop is daar op projekvlak en vanuit 'n ingenieurswese perspektief 'n gebrek aan besluitnemingsondersteuningsbenaderings om die implementering van geslagsintegrasie in die ontwikkeling van energieprojekte te evalueer; en as 'n hulpmiddel vir die voortdurende verbetering daarvan op lang termyn te dien. Hierdie gebrek belemmer die volhoubare ontwikkeling en implementering van geslagsbewuste energieprojekte wat gevolglik bydra tot energie-armoede en onveiligheid. ’n Gestruktureerde literatuuroorsig is uitgevoer om die faktore te verstaan wat geslagsintegrasie in energieprojekte beïnvloed, en om verbande en diskonneksies tussen geslagsintegrasie en energieprojekontwikkeling te verstaan. Gebaseer op die bevindinge van die gestruktureerde literatuuroorsig, is daar tot die gevolg gekom dat alhoewel literatuur 'n omvattende stel faktore vasvang wat geslagsintegrasie in energiestelses beïnvloed, dit nie die evaluering van geslagintegrasie-implementering in energieprojekontwikkeling voorstel of aanspreek wat die voortdurende verbetering daarvan as 'n langtermyn progressiewe proses en doelwit moontlik kan maak nie. Gegewe die rol van geslagsintegrasie in energieprojekte om geslagsongelykheid en gevolglike energie-onsekerheid aan te spreek, word meer navorsingspogings oor hierdie liggame van kennis vereis. Die doel van hierdie navorsing was dus om by te dra tot toenemend effektiewe en doeltreffende implementering van geslagsintegrasie op die projekvlak van 'n energiesisteem, deur eerstens 'n besluitondersteuningsbenadering vir die evaluering van geslagintegrasie in energieprojekontwikkeling voor te stel en te ontwikkel; en tweedens ‘n basis te verskaf vir die identifikasie van die huidige toestand waartoe geslag in energieprojekontwikkeling geïntegreer word om moontlike verbeteringsareas te bepaal. Die navorsing gebruik bestaande teoretiese en konseptuele navorsing oor geslagsintegrasie en energieprojekontwikkeling om 'n besluitondersteuningsbenadering af te lei en voor te stel vir die evaluering van geslagintegrasie in energieprojekontwikkeling. Hierdie navorsing is dus 'n nie-empiriese, kwalitatiewe studie wat beide induktiewe en deduktiewe benaderings op 'n ondersoekende wyse benut. Die Geslagsintegasie Vermoë Volwassenheidsmodel vir Energieprojekontwikkeling (oftewel “Gender Mainstreaming Capability Maturity Model for Energy Project Development” (GM-CMM4EP)) is ontwikkel en voorgestel as die ontwerpte resultaat van die vereiste spesifikasies. Gegewe die konseptuele aard van die GM-CMM4EP en die gestelde belangrikheid van praktiese nut, is die voorgestelde volwassenheidsmodel geoperasionaliseer deur die tabelvormige volwassenheidsmodel in 'n metodologie te vertaal. Verder is hierdie metodologie gebruik om die teoretiese konstrukte van die volwassenheidsmodel te transformeer in 'n praktiese assesseringsinstrument wat na gebruikers oorgedra kan word. Die voorgestelde GM-CMM4EP ondergaan 'n evalueringsproses wat bestaan uit verifikasie en validering met vakkundiges: (i) verifieer dat die vereiste spesifikasies deur die navorsingsproduk bevredig is en dat die voorgestelde oplossing geskik is vir die beoogde doel van gebruik; en (ii) die validering van die toepaslikheid, uitvoerbaarheid en bruikbaarheid van die voorgestelde volwassenheidsmodel om te bewys dat dit verteenwoordigend is van 'n werklike verskynsel. Die bevindinge van die evaluering het getoon dat die GM-CMM4EP 'n besluitondersteuningsbenadering is vir die evaluering van geslagsintegrasie in energieprojekontwikkeling; en dat die GM-CMM4EP 'n basis verskaf vir die identifisering van die huidige toestand waartoe geslag in 'n energieprojek geïntegreer word, en sodoende die verbetering van geslagsintegrasie in die energieprojek moontlik maak en bydra tot volhoubare energie en geslagsgelykheid.af_ZA
dc.description.versionMastersen_ZA
dc.format.extentxvi, 300 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124871en_ZA
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subjectGender mainstreamingen_ZA
dc.subjectEnergy securityen_ZA
dc.subjectGender equalityen_ZA
dc.subjectSustainable developmenten_ZA
dc.subjectEnergy projecten_ZA
dc.subjectMaturity modelen_ZA
dc.subjectUCTDen_ZA
dc.titleDevelopment of a gender mainstreaming capability maturity model to support energy security in energy project developmenten_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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