Cytokine gene expression assay as a diagnostic tool for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus)

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dc.contributor.authorRoos, Eduard O .en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorScott, Leere A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNdou, Sedzanien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorOlea-Popelka, Franciscoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBuss, Peter E.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDe Klerk-Lorist, Lin-Marien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWarren, Robin M.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVan Helden, Paul D.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSylvester, Tashnica T .en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Michele A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorParsons, Sven D. C.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-17T07:43:33Z
dc.date.available2022-01-17T07:43:33Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionCITATION: Roos, E., et al. 2019. Cytokine gene expression assay as a diagnostic tool for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus). Scientific Reports, 9:16525, doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53045-0.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://www.nature.com
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium bovis infection has been described in many wildlife species across Africa. However, diagnostic tests are lacking for many of these, including warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus). Most literature on suids has focused on using serological tools, with few studies investigating the use of cell-mediated immune response (CMI) assays. A recent study showed that warthogs develop measurable CMI responses, which suggests that cytokine gene expression assays (GEAs) may be valuable for detecting M. bovis-infection, as shown in numerous African wildlife species. Therefore, the aim of the study was to develop GEAs capable of distinguishing between M. bovis-infected and uninfected warthogs. Whole blood was stimulated using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold (In-Tube) system, using ESAT-6 and CFP-10 peptides, before determining the relative gene expression of five reference (B2M, H3F3A, LDHA, PPIA and YWHAZ) and five target (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, IFNG and TNFA) genes through qPCR. The reference gene H3F3A was the most stably expressed, while all target genes were significantly upregulated in M. bovis-infected warthogs with the greatest upregulation observed for CXCL10. Consequently, the CXCL10 GEA shows promise as an ante-mortem diagnostic tool for the detection of M. bovis-infected warthogs.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53045-0
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent7 pagesen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationRoos, E., et al. 2019. Cytokine gene expression assay as a diagnostic tool for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus). Scientific Reports, 9:16525, doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53045-0
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1038/s41598-019-53045-0
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/124089
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherNature Research (part of Springer Nature)en_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectMycobacterium bovisen_ZA
dc.subjectCytokines -- Gene expressionen_ZA
dc.subjectBovine tuberculosisen_ZA
dc.subjectWarthogen_ZA
dc.subjectPhacochoerusen_ZA
dc.titleCytokine gene expression assay as a diagnostic tool for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus)en_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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