Medroxyprogesterone acetate alters mycobacterium bovis BCG-induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of contraceptive users
Date
2011-09-08
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Abstract
Most individuals latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) contain the infection by a balance of effector and regulatory immune responses. This balance can be influenced by steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids. The widely used contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) possesses glucocorticoid activity. We investigated the effect of this hormone on immune responses to BCG in household contacts of active TB patients. Multiplex bead array analysis revealed that MPA demonstrated both glucocorticoid and progestogenic properties at saturating and pharmacological concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and suppressed antigen specific cytokine production. Furthermore we showed that PBMCs from women using MPA produced significantly lower levels of IL-1α, IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-13 and G-CSF in response to BCG which corresponded with lower numbers of circulating monocytes observed in these women. Our research study is the first to show that MPA impacts on infections outside the genital tract due to a systemic effect on immune function. Therefore MPA use could alter susceptibility to TB, TB disease severity as well as change the efficacy of new BCG-based vaccines, especially prime-boost vaccine strategies which may be administered to adult or adolescent women in the future. © 2011 Kleynhans et al.
Description
CITATION: Kleynhans, L. et al. 2011. Medroxyprogesterone acetate alters mycobacterium bovis BCG-induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of contraceptive users. PLoS ONE, 6(9): e24639, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024639.
The original publication is available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone
The original publication is available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone
Keywords
Tuberculosis, Medroxyprogesterone acetate, BCG vaccines
Citation
Kleynhans, L. et al. 2011. Medroxyprogesterone acetate alters mycobacterium bovis BCG-induced cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of contraceptive users. PLoS ONE, 6(9): e24639, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024639.