Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorStrijdom, Hansen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorDe Boever, Patricken_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWalzl, Gerharden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEssop, M. Faadielen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorNawrot, Tim S.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWebster, Ingriden_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWestcott, Corlien_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMashele, Nyikoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorEverson, Fransen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMalherbe, Stephanus T.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStanley, Kimen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKessler, Harald H.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorStelzl, Evelynen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGoswami, Nanduen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2017-01-17T12:19:22Z
dc.date.available2017-01-17T12:19:22Z
dc.date.issued2017-01-07
dc.date.updated2017-01-07T07:03:26Z
dc.descriptionCITATION: Strijdom, H., et al. 2017. Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 17:41, doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com
dc.description.abstractBackground: There is growing evidence of an interaction between HIV-infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies in Europe and North America have been observing a shift towards an increased incidence of coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarctions in HIV-infected populations compared to the general population even after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Despite South Africa (and sub-Saharan Africa, SSA) being regarded as the epicentre of the global HIV epidemic, very little is known about the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and precursors of vascular disease in HIV-infected populations in this region. The knowledge gap is further widened by the paucity of data from prospective studies. We present the rationale, objectives and key methodological features of the EndoAfrica study, which aims to determine whether HIVinfection and ART are associated with altered cardiovascular risk and changes in vascular endothelial structure and function in adults living in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Methods: In this longitudinal study, comprehensive cardiovascular assessments of HIV-negative and HIV-positive (with and without ART) study participants are performed by clinical and biochemical screening for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and biomarkers of CVD. Vascular and endothelial function is determined by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), carotid-intima-thickness (IMT) measurements and quantitative retinal blood vessel analyses, complemented by vascular endothelial biomarker assays. Finally, we aim to statistically determine whether HIVinfection and/or ART are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and vascular endothelial dysfunction, and determine whether there is progression/regression in these endpoints 18 months after the baseline assessments. Discussion: The EndoAfrica study provides a unique opportunity to recruit a cohort of HIV-infected patients and HIVnegative controls who will be comprehensively and longitudinally assessed for cardiovascular risk and disease profile with vascular endothelial function as a potentially important intermediate cardiovascular phenotype. To our knowledge, it is the first time that such a systematic study has been established in the context of SSA and South Africa.
dc.description.urihttp://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent9 pagesen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationStrijdom, H., et al. 2017. Cardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. BMC Infectious Diseases, 17:41, doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y
dc.identifier.issn1471-2334 (Online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1186/s12879-016-2158-y
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/100469
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectCardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Risk factorsen_ZA
dc.subjectAntiretroviral drugsen_ZA
dc.subjectVascular endothelialen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV patientsen_ZA
dc.titleCardiovascular risk and endothelial function in people living with HIV/AIDS: design of the multi-site, longitudinal EndoAfrica study in the Western Cape Province of South Africaen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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