Periodontal disease status among adults from South Africa - prevalence and effect of smoking

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dc.contributor.authorChikte, Usuf M. E.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPontes, Carla Cruvinelen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKarangwa, Innocenten_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKimmie-Dhansay, Faheemaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorErasmus, Rajiv T.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKengne, Andre P.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMatsha, Tandi E.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-12-11T11:27:24Z
dc.date.available2019-12-11T11:27:24Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionCITATION: Chikte, U., et al. 2019. Periodontal disease status among adults from South Africa - prevalence and effect of smoking. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19):3662, doi:10.3390/ijerph16193662.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
dc.descriptionPublication of this article was funded by the Stellenbosch University Open Access Fund
dc.description.abstractPeriodontal diseases are among the six most prevalent non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide, constituting a burden for oral and general health. There is a shortage of epidemiological data on periodontal diseases in Africa. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to present the periodontal status and cotinine levels of a South African population of adults. This study included individuals living in the Belville South area. Bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth were recorded for each tooth, and clinical attachment loss (CAL) was recorded as the highest score per sextant. Cotinine levels were measured in ng/mL. A total of 951 individuals were included. More than one third of all subjects had BOP. Regarding pocket depth, over 50% of the subjects had shallow pockets (4–5 mm), and almost 6% had deep pockets. CAL ≥ 4 mm was present in 40.1% of the subjects. Males presented worse periodontal conditions than females. In total, 52.7% of the participants had serum cotinine levels of ≥15 ng/mL. Cotinine levels had no effect on periodontal variables. Periodontal diseases were highly prevalent, and periodontal conditions were worse in males. Preventive and restorative public health programs are required to improve oral health in this populationen_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/19/3662
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent10 pages ; illustrations
dc.identifier.citationChikte, U., et al. 2019. Periodontal disease status among adults from South Africa - prevalence and effect of smoking. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19):3662, doi:10.3390/ijerph16193662
dc.identifier.issn1660-4601 (online)
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3390/ijerph16193662
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/107342
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectPeriodontal disease -- South Africa -- Patientsen_ZA
dc.subjectSmoking -- Risk factorsen_ZA
dc.titlePeriodontal disease status among adults from South Africa - prevalence and effect of smokingen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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