Challenges experienced by kinship foster caregivers

Date
2024-03
Journal Title
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Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child underscores the importance of a family environment for every child by stating that every child has "the right to know and be cared for by his or her parents". This is a matter of concern, as the quality of the child's upbringing is a determining factor in their well-being and overall emotional and behavioural development. If children are deprived of a stable upbringing in their early years, it could definitely influence their transition into adulthood. The practice of extended family (kin) raising family children who are deprived of their own biological parental care is ancient. However, kinship foster caregivers take on this role or responsibility under different and sometimes difficult circumstances. These circumstances may include neglect by biological parents, parental misuse of alcohol and drugs, incarceration of one or both biological parents, the death of one or both biological parents, HIV Aids, or a family crises situation. The motivation for the study was to investigate the challenges that kinship foster caregivers experience during or after the placement of the family child into their care. This information could be utilised by social workers who are responsible for rendering services to kinship foster carers according to South African policy and legislation. The strengths perspective was utilised as a lens through which the researcher tried to understand the resilience that kinship foster caregivers displayed when taking care of family children. The research document contains three literature chapters, the first of which serves as a methodological framework regarding the execution of the study. In the second chapter, the relevant international, regional, and national policies and legislation relating to foster care are presented. This is followed by the third chapter which outlines the challenges experienced by kinship foster caregivers when taking care of the children of family and the social work services they receive and need. The literature review serves as a framework regarding the conceptualisation of the challenges that kinship foster caregivers typically experience. Relevant international, regional, and national policies and legislation pertaining to foster care as well as challenges experienced in social work service delivery in South Africa are presented. For this research, a qualitative approach was utilised to capture the rich accounts of kinship foster caregivers about the challenges they experience with the placement of a child into their care. Descriptive and exploratory research designs were used to substantiate the capturing of various narratives from the participants. Participants were approached by applying the purposive sampling method and 17 participants were then interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. The data gathered was analysed using a thematic content analysis approach. The study highlighted that kinship foster caregivers have many challenges, whether child- or family-related and personal challenges, to deal with. Furthermore, kinship foster caregivers also experience various financial and emotional challenges. It is recommended that social services should be delivered, not only to the children being cared for, but also to the kinship foster caregivers, especially as this form of kinship care is the most widely practised form of substitute care for children in need of care and protection in South Africa. It is also recommended that kinship foster caregivers must have access to professional services.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Verenigde Nasies se Konvensie oor die Regte van die Kind beklemtoon die belangrikheid van 'n gesinsomgewing vir kinders deur te verklaar dat elke kind "die reg het om sy of haar ouers te ken en versorg te word". Wanneer 'n kind in die steek gelaat word, word sy reg geskend. Dit is kommerwekkend, aangesien die kwaliteit van die kind se opvoeding 'n bepalende faktor in hul welstand en algehele emosionele en gedragsontwikkeling is. As kinders in hul vroeë jare van 'n stabiele opvoeding ontneem word, kan dit beslis hul oorgang na volwassenheid beïnvloed. Die praktyk dat uitgebreide families, familiekinders grootmaak wie van hul eie biologiese ouersorg weggeneem is, is al dekades in gebruik. Verwantskappleegsorgversorgers neem egter hierdie rol of verantwoordelikheid aan onder verskillende en soms moeilike omstandighede. Hierdie omstandighede kan verwaarlosing deur biologiese ouers, ouerlike misbruik van alkohol en dwelms, opsluiting van een of albei biologiese ouers, die dood van een of albei biologiese ouers, MIV-vigs of 'n gesinskrisissituasie insluit. Die motivering vir die studie was om die uitdagings wat verwantskappleegsorgversorgers ervaar tydens of na die plasing van die gesinskind in hul sorg te ondersoek. Die sterkteperspektief is gebruik as 'n lens waardeur die navorser die veerkragtigheid wat verwantskappleegsorgversorgers deur die hele proses ervaar, geïdentifiseer en probeer verstaan het. Dit was van kardinale belang om die kinderverwante, gesinsverwante, finansiële en emosionele uitdagings wat verwantskappleegsorgversorgers ervaar wanneer hulle die rol van verwantskapversorgers aanneem, te begryp en te ondersoek. Vir hierdie navorsing is 'n kwalitatiewe benadering gebruik om die ryk mededelings van verwantskappleegsorgversorgers oor die uitdagings wat hulle ervaar met die plasing van 'n kind in hul sorg vas te lê. Beskrywende en verkennende navorsingsontwerpe is gebruik om die vaslegging van verskeie narratiewe van die deelnemers te staaf. Deelnemers is by wyse van die doelgerigte steekproefmetode genader en sewentien deelnemers is daarna met behulp van 'n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule ondervra. Die data wat ingesamel is, is ontleed met behulp van 'n tematiese inhoudontledingsbenadering. Die navorsingsdokument bevat drie literatuurhoofstukke waarvan die eerste as 'n metodologiese raamwerk dien rakende die uitvoering van die studie. In die tweede hoofstuk word die relevante internasionale, streeks- en nasionale beleide en wetgewing met betrekking tot pleegsorg bespreek. Dit word gevolg deur die derde hoofstuk wat die uitdagings uiteensit wat verwantskappleegversorgers ervaar wanneer hulle familie kinders in hul sorg neem en die maatskaplike dienste ontvang en benodig. Die studie het uitgelig dat verwantskappleegsorgversorgers baie uitdagings moet hanteer soos kinder- en familieverwante, en persoonlike uitdagings. Verder ervaar verwante pleegsorgversorgers ook finansiële en persoonlike uitdagings. Dit word voorgestel dat maatskaplike dienste nie slegs aan die pleegkinders gelewer moet word nie, maar ook aan die verwantskappleegsorgversorgers wie na hierdie kinders omsien, veral omdat hierdie vorm van pleegsorg so wyd in Suid-Afrika toegepas word met betrekking tot kinders wat sorg en beskerming nodig het. Daar word voorgestel dat verwantskappleegsorgversorgers toegang tot professionele dienste moet hê.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
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