The cushion–star Parvulastra exigua in South Africa : one species or more?

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dc.contributor.authorPayne, Robyn P.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGriffiths, Charles L.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorVon der Heyden, Sophieen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKoch, Erichen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2016-12-07T06:47:49Z
dc.date.available2016-12-07T06:47:49Z
dc.date.issued2015-09
dc.descriptionCITATION: Payne, R. P. et al. 2015. The cushion–star Parvulastra exigua in South Africa : one species or more? ZooKeys, 524:1–16, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.524.6145.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://zookeys.pensoft.net
dc.description.abstractThe cushion–star Parvulastra exigua (Lamarck, 1816) is a widely distributed member of the temperate intertidal fauna in the southern hemisphere. In South Africa, it occurs in sympatry with the endemic Parvulastra dyscrita (Clark, 1923), the two species being differentiated predominantly by gonopore placement. Several recent studies have suggested that there may be additional cryptic species within the P. exigua complex in South Africa, based variously on color morphology, genetic evidence and the differential placement of the gonopores. This paper attempts to resolve whether one or more species are represented within P. exigua. A total of 346 P. exigua and 8 P. dyscrita were collected from sites on the west and south– west coasts of South Africa; morphological, anatomical and genetic analyses were performed to determine whether cryptic species and/or P. exigua specimens with aboral gonopores were present. Results show that neither cryptic species nor P. exigua specimens with aboral gonopores occur at these sites. This study thus refutes previous claims of the existence of aboral gonopores in South African P. exigua, and suggests that a single species is represented. The distinction between P. exigua and P. dyscrita is also confirmed, and features separating these two species are clarified and documented.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=6145
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent16 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationPayne, R. P. et al. 2015. The cushion–star Parvulastra exigua in South Africa : one species or more? ZooKeys, 524:1–16, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.524.6145.
dc.identifier.issn1313-2970 (online)
dc.identifier.issn1313-2989 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi: 10.3897/zookeys.524.6145
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/99947
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherPensoft
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectCryptic speciesen_ZA
dc.subjectGonoporeen_ZA
dc.subjectParvulastra dyscritaen_ZA
dc.subjectParvulastra exiguaen_ZA
dc.subjectPatiriellaen_ZA
dc.subjectStarfishen_ZA
dc.titleThe cushion–star Parvulastra exigua in South Africa : one species or more?en_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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