Pathways and gateways of freshwater invasions in Europe

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dc.contributor.authorNunes, Ana L.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorTricarico, Elenaen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorPanov, Vadim E.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, Ana C.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKatsanevakis, Steliosen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-02T12:56:35Z
dc.date.available2019-08-02T12:56:35Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionCITATION: Nunes, A. L., et al. 2015. Pathways and gateways of freshwater invasions in Europe. Aquatic Invasions, 10(4):359-370, doi:10.3391/ai.2015.10.4.01.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.aquaticinvasions.net
dc.description.abstractTaking into account the continuous increase in freshwater introductions, and to support the recent European legislation on invasive alien species, the identification of priority pathways and gateways of introductions is of utmost importance to develop adequate control strategies. The aim of this paper was to analyse the main pathways and gateways of introductions of freshwater alien species in Europe. Based on a thorough review of the scientific and grey literature, information on pathways, country and year of initial introduction of all freshwater alien species in Europe, was retrieved. The spatial and temporal patterns and trends of biological invasions in freshwater ecosystems in Europe, in relation to different pathways, were assessed. Our results pinpoint the major importance of aquaculture, pet/aquarium trade and stocking activities as pathways of introduction of freshwater alien species in Europe. For species native to some European countries, shipping and inland canals were the most important pathways, highly responsible for the entry of many harmful species. Germany, the United Kingdom and Italy were the main entry gateways of freshwater alien species in Europe. We found a geographical pattern related to some pathways of introduction in Europe: introductions through inland canals were concentrated in Central/North-eastern Europe, while introductions through pet/terrarium/aquarium trade were mainly observed in Central/Western Europe. While Chordata species entered Europe mainly through the three major above mentioned pathways, many harmful Arthropoda and Mollusca entered through shipping and inland canals. The information gathered in this study clearly indicates the entry routes that should be prioritised by Member States, for which stronger control and management actions should be implemented and prevention efforts concentrated under the scope of the related new EU Regulation.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.aquaticinvasions.net/2015/issue4.html
dc.description.versionPublisher's version
dc.format.extent12 pages
dc.identifier.citationNunes, A. L., et al. 2015. Pathways and gateways of freshwater invasions in Europe. Aquatic Invasions, 10(4):359-370, doi:10.3391/ai.2015.10.4.01
dc.identifier.issn1818-5487 (online)
dc.identifier.issn1798-6540 (print)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3391/ai.2015.10.4.01
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106336
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherRegional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyright
dc.subjectAlien species -- Europeen_ZA
dc.subjectBiological invasions -- Law and legislation -- Europeen_ZA
dc.subjectIntroduced organisms -- Europe -- Law and legislationen_ZA
dc.subjectFresh water -- Europe -- Contaminationen_ZA
dc.titlePathways and gateways of freshwater invasions in Europeen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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