Carnitine requires choline to exert physiological effects in saccharomyces cerevisiae

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dc.contributor.authorDu Plessis, Michelleen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorFranken, Jacoen_ZA
dc.contributor.authorBauer, Florianen_ZA
dc.contributor.editorDe Biase, Danielaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-13T10:34:53Z
dc.date.available2019-09-13T10:34:53Z
dc.date.issued2018-07-02
dc.descriptionCITATION: Du Plessis, M., Franken, J. & Bauer, F. F. 2018. Carnitine requires choline to exert physiological effects in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9:1362, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01362.en_ZA
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at https://www.frontiersin.orgen_ZA
dc.descriptionPublication of this article was funded by the Stellenbosch University Open Access Funden_ZA
dc.description.abstractL-Carnitine is a key metabolite in the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells, functioning as a shuttling molecule for activated acyl-residues between cellular compartments. In higher eukaryotes this function is essential, and defects in carnitine metabolism has severe effects on fatty acid and carbon metabolism. Carnitine supplementation has been associated with an array of mostly beneficial impacts in higher eukaryotic cells, including stress protection and regulation of redox metabolism in diseased cells. Some of these phenotypes have no obvious link to the carnitine shuttle, and suggest that carnitine has as yet unknown shuttle-independent functions. The existence of shuttle-independent functions has also been suggested in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, including a beneficial effect during hydrogen peroxide stress and a detrimental impact when carnitine is co-supplemented with the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT). Here we used these two distinct yeast phenotypes to screen for potential genetic factors that suppress the shuttle independent physiological effects of carnitine. Two deletion strains, Δcho2 and Δopi3, coding for enzymes that catalyze the sequential conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine were identified for suppressing the phenotypic effects of carnitine. Additional characterisation indicated that the suppression cannot be explained by differences in phospholipid homeostasis. The phenotypes could be reinstated by addition of extracellular choline, but show that the requirement for choline is not based on some overlapping function or the structural similarities of the two molecules. This is the first study to suggest a molecular link between a specific metabolite and carnitine-dependent, but shuttle-independent phenotypes in eukaryotes.en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Research Foundation of South Africaen_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01362/full
dc.description.versionPublisher's versionen_ZA
dc.format.extent11 pages : illustrationsen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationDu Plessis, M., Franken, J. & Bauer, F. F. 2018. Carnitine requires choline to exert physiological effects in saccharomyces cerevisiae. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9:1362, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01362en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1664-302X (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01362
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/106459
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherFrontiers Mediaen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectAcetylcarnitineen_ZA
dc.subjectSaccharomyces cerevisiaeen_ZA
dc.subjectSaccharomyces cerevisiae -- Physiological effectsen_ZA
dc.subjectOxidative stressen_ZA
dc.titleCarnitine requires choline to exert physiological effects in saccharomyces cerevisiaeen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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