A prospective study of long-term use of amikacin in a paediatrics department : indications, administration, side-effects, bacterial isolates and resistance

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dc.contributor.authorHesseling, P. B.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorMouton, W. L.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorHenning, P. A.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorKirsten, G. F.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSpruyt, L. L.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorSchraader, E. B.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorWessels, G.en_ZA
dc.contributor.authorGrassman, R.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2011-03-18T14:57:20Z
dc.date.available2011-03-18T14:57:20Z
dc.date.issued1990
dc.descriptionCITATION: Hesseling, P. B. et al. 1990. A prospective study of long-term use of amikacin in a paediatrics department : indications, administration, side-effects, bacterial isolates and resistance. South African Medical Journal, 78:192-195.
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://www.samj.org.za
dc.description.abstractAmikacin (Amikin; B-M) was used as the only aminoglycoside for 18 months in a paediatric department within a general hospital because of high levels of resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae isolates to tobramycin, gentamicin and netilmicin. Between 1 February 1987 and 31 July 1988, 816 children were treated with a slow intravenous injection at a standardised dose adjusted for weight and age. Respiratory disease was present in 35,8% of 537 neonates, 56,4% of 190 infants and 70,9% of 89 older children. Escherichia coli (65 isolates), Klebsiella species (59 isolates), Enterobacter species (26 isolates) and P. aeruginosa (22 isolates) constituted the most common Gram-negative pathogens. The positive blood culture yield was 7,8%. Satisfactory median peak and trough serum amikacin levels were achieved. No significant renal side-effects were noted. Severe bilateral hearing loss in 1 low-birthweight infant resulted from inadvertent overdosage. At the end of this 18-month surveillance period 97,7% of E. coli, 98,6% of K. pneumoniae, 96,3% of E. cloacae, and 98,0% of P. aeruginosa isolates remained sensitive to amikacin, while resistance of K. pneumoniae to tobramycin, netilmicin and gentamicin decreased significantly (P < 0,003, P < 0,001 and P < 0,007 respectively; chi-square test).
dc.description.versionPublisher’s version
dc.format.extent4 pages
dc.identifier.issn2078-5135 (online)
dc.identifier.issn0256-9574 (print)
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/7344
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherHealth & Medical Publishing Group
dc.rights.holderSouth African Medical Journal
dc.subjectPediatricsen_ZA
dc.titleA prospective study of long-term use of amikacin in a paediatrics department : indications, administration, side-effects, bacterial isolates and resistanceen_ZA
dc.typeArticle
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