A comparative multi-level investigation into research productivity of South African academics in different university contexts: An interpretivist approach

Date
2024-03
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research mandate as a statutory requirement for public higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa (SA) are held in high regard and universities generally aspire to excel in this function. However, the disparities in research productivity and research performance in and among different institutional settings are not only frequently reported, but are also well documented in contemporary literature. The rationale for many of the disparities reflecting in the research performance specifically, among what is commonly labelled historically disadvantaged universities (HDUs) and historically advantaged universities (HAUs) are by and large, albeit not exclusively, attributed to the legacy of the apartheid era. Many apartheid remnants are understood to contribute to the vast social inequalities that exist within society which manifests in varied public groupings; commonly described as ‘the haves’ and ‘the have nots’. Understandably, since the dawn of a democratic regime, huge investments and countless interventions have been designed and implemented to pursue redress and equality within the South African national higher education sector. Nevertheless, 28 years after South Africa’s democratic liberation, a persistent narrative of ‘black failure’ and ‘white excellence’ exists; penetrating and reflecting in and through the research performance of different, public universities. This study investigated the mandated research function at two public universities within different institutional contexts, one, classified as an HDU and the other, classified as a HAU. The study was conducted from the perspective that university research is affected by a wide range of social forces and influences from various societal domains and interest groups, at multiple levels. The study aimed to gain insight into the conditions necessary to improve research performance despite university differences with respect to institutional historical backgrounds and present-day contextual realities. An interpretivist, comparative, case study design was used in this qualitative research enquiry. Multiple data collection and analysis techniques were employed together with the use of both primary and secondary data to determine the factors that influence research and research performance at South African public universities. Based on the research results, an intervention model was developed that depicts how a university’s research performance can be improved within any university setting as the necessary conditions to improve research can be cultivated by gaining a common understanding around the strategic diversion towards a research identity. Through decisive institutional action, a research-focus can be pursued and research interests can be navigated, aligned and protected to obtain mutual benefit, at various levels. Specific features, however serve as necessary requirements to enact the most effective and efficient advancement of a research mandate and agenda in any university context; which comprise willpower, person power, and the cultivation of an empowering, university context. The influencing factors on research and research performance at individual-, institutional- and systemic levels, as confirmed through this research are not mutually exclusive, but interrelated, multifaceted and very complex. University research requires earnest facilitation and firm oversight to bring forth an optimally, positive research progression in adherence to the research mandate bestowed upon public universities within the SA context.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsingsmandaat as ’n statutêre vereiste vir openbare hoëronderwysinstellings (HOI’s) in Suid-Afrika (SA) word hoog aangeslaan en universiteite streef oor die algemeen daarna om in hierdie funksie uit te blink. Die dispariteite in navorsingsproduktiwiteit en navorsingsprestasie binne en tussen verskillende institusionele omgewings word egter nie net gereeld aangemeld nie, maar ook deeglik in die hedendaagse literatuur gedokumenteer. Die rasionaal vir heelwat van die dispariteite wat spesifiek in die navorsingsprestasie van die sogenaamde histories benadeelde universiteite (in Engels, HDUs) en die histories bevoordeelde universiteite (in Engels, HAUs) weerspieël word, word grootliks, ofskoon nie eksklusief nie, aan die nalatenskap van die apartheidsera toegeskryf. Daar word gereken dat vele van die apartheidsoorblyfsels bydra tot die aansienlike sosiale ongelykhede wat in die samelewing bestaan en in uiteenlopende openbare groeperings na vore kom, en algemeen as “die wat het” en “die wat nie het nie” bekend staan. Begryplikerwys is daar sedert die aanbreek van ’n demokratiese bestel aansienlike beleggings en tallose ingrypings ontwerp en geïmplementeer om regstelling en gelykheid binne ons nasionale hoëronderwyssektor te bewerk. Nietemin bestaan daar 28 jaar ná ons demokratiese bevryding ’n voortgesette narratief van ‘swart mislukking’ en ‘wit uitnemendheid’; wat deursyfer na en reflekteer in die navorsingsprestasie van die verskillende openbare universiteite. Hierdie studie is toegespits op die ondersoek van die gemandateerde navorsingsfunksie by twee uitgesoekte openbare universiteite binne verskillende institusionele kontekste; die een word oor die algemeen as ’n HDU geklassifiseer, en die ander as ’n HAU. Die studie word gedryf vanuit ’n perspektief dat universiteitsnavorsing deur ’n wye verskeidenheid sosiale kragte en invloede via verskeie samelewingsdomeine en belangegroepe, op verskeie vlakke, beïnvloed word. Die studie het dit ten doel gehad om insig te bekom in die voorwaardes wat nodig is om navorsingsprestasie te verbeter ondanks universiteitsverskille wat betref institusionele historiese agtergronde en hedendaagse kontekstuele realiteite. As sodanig is ’n vertolkende, vergelykende gevallestudie-ontwerp in hierdie kwalitatiewe navorsingsondersoek gebruik. Vanuit ’n metodologiese perspektief is veelvuldige data-insameling en -ontledingstegnieke aangewend, tesame met die gebruik van sowel primêre as sekondêre data om die faktore wat navorsing en navorsingsprestasie by Suid-Afrikaanse openbare universiteite beïnvloed, te bepaal. Gegewe die navorsingsresultate het ’n intervensiemodel na vore gekom wat uitbeeld hoe ’n universiteit se navorsingsprestasie binne enige universiteitsopset verbeter kan word, deurdat die nodige voorwaardes vir die verbetering van die navorsing – deur middel van die vestiging van ’n gemeenskaplike insig in die strategiese beweging na ’n navorsingsidentiteit – gekweek kan word. Deur beslissende institusionele optrede kan ’n navorsingsfokus nagestreef word en navorsingsbelange kan bestuur, belyn en beskerm word om wedersydse voordeel op verskeie vlakke te bekom. Spesifieke kenmerke dien egter as noodsaaklike vereistes om die doeltreffendste en effektiefste bevordering van ’n navorsingsmandaat en -agenda in enige universiteitskonteks uit te voer; en dit behels wilskrag, persoonskrag, en die kweek van ’n bemagtigende universiteitskonteks. Die faktore wat navorsing en navorsingsprestasie op individuele vlak, institusionele vlak en sistemiese vlak beïnvloed, soos deur hierdie navorsing bevestig, is nie onderling uitsluitend nie, maar onderling verwant, veelvlakkig en besonder kompleks. Universiteitsnavorsing vereis streng fasilitering en ferm toesig om ’n optimale, positiewe navorsingsprogressie teweeg te bring ter nakoming van die navorsingsmandaat wat aan openbare universiteite binne die SA konteks verleen is.
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Thesis (DPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.
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