Provincial Dietary Intake Study (PDIS) : prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of the double burden of malnutrition in a representative sample of 1 to under 10-year-old children from two urbanized and economically active provinces in South Africa
Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and socio-demographic predictors of malnutrition in two urbanized economically active provinces (Gauteng N = 733, Western Cape N = 593) in South Africa. A multistage stratified cluster random sampling design was applied. Fieldworkers visited homes, measured children aged 1-<10-years old (N = 1326) and administered a questionnaire (mother/primary caregiver). In under-five year old children (N = 674) 21.6% were stunted [height-for-age z-score < −2 SD], 5.6 % underweight [weight-for-age z-score < −2 SD], 10.3% overweight (body mass index-for-age z-score) (BAZ)> +2 SD ≤ +3 SD] and 7.0% obese (BAZ > +3 SD). In 5–<10-year olds (N = 626) 6.7% were stunted, 6.8% underweight, 13.4% overweight and 6.8% obese. Stunting and overweight in the same child was present in 5.7% under-five year olds and 1.7% in 5–<10-year olds. Multiple logistic regression analyses identified having a mother with a post-grade 12 qualification (OR = 0.34) and having an obese mother (OR 0.46) as protectors and being in the under-five age group (OR = 3.73) as a risk factor for stunting. Being in the under-five age group was also a risk factor for a BAZ > 1 (OR 2.39), while being in the third wealth quintile was protective (OR = 0.62). Results indicate that stunting and overweight/obesity are still present at concerning levels, especially in the under-five age group.
Description
CITATION: Senekal, M., et al. 2019. Provincial Dietary Intake Study (PDIS) : prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of the double burden of malnutrition in a representative sample of 1 to under 10-year-old children from two urbanized and economically active provinces in South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18):3334, doi:10.3390/ijerph16183334.
The original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
The original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
Keywords
Malnutrition in children -- Epidemiology -- South Africa, Malnutrition in children -- Social aspects -- South Africa, Malnutrition in children -- Population -- South Africa, Cities and towns -- South Africa
Citation
Senekal, M., et al. 2019. Provincial Dietary Intake Study (PDIS) : prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of the double burden of malnutrition in a representative sample of 1 to under 10-year-old children from two urbanized and economically active provinces in South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18):3334, doi:10.3390/ijerph16183334