Kan die gevoeligheid van grondlewende organismes bydra om die volhoubaarheid van landbewerking van olieraffinadery afval te beoordeel?
Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
AOSIS Publishing
Abstract
Voordelige grondlewende organismes lewer ekostelseldienste in gesonde grondtipes.
Olieraffinaderye genereer groot hoeveelhede soliede afval wat verskeie tipes koolwaterstowwe en metale bevat wat in die grond geploeg word tydens landbewerking van die afval. Die bedoeling is om die afval deur die grond-ekostelsel te laat degradeer. Die
kontaminante mag egter giftig wees vir die diverse verskeidenheid van grondorganismes.
Vir die volhoubaarheid van dié praktyk is dit nodig om te weet of remediёring van die landbewerkte grond voldoende was vir die beoogde, voortgesette gebruik daarvan. Indikatore is nodig om die graad van herstel van sodanige grondtipes te bepaal. Die doel van hierdie
studie was om die grond van ’n landbewerkte gebied chemies te ontleed en die toksisiteit en herstel te bepaal deur van gestandardiseerde bioassesserings met die komposteringswurm Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) en die springstert Folsomia candida (Collembola) gebruik te
maak. Die organismes is blootgestel aan die gekontamineerde en kontrolegrond en hulle oorlewing, groei, voortplantingsukses en vermydingsgedrag is nagegaan. Die resultate het getoon dat die grond van die landbewerkte perseel steeds verskeie gevaarlike chemikalieё bevat, soos die dieselreeks organiese verbindings, maar dat die grond nie akuut toksies
vir die organismes was nie. Dit het wel die groei en voortplanting van die erdwurms, asook die voortplanting van die springsterte nadelig beïnvloed. Die perseel benodig steeds remediёring alvorens grondbewerking van olieslik voortgesit word. Bioasessering het,
aanvullend tot die chemiese analises, ’n meer volledige en meer ekologies relevante beeld van die remediëringstatus en toksisiteit van die grond verskaf. Die bevinding ondersteun die gebruik van bioassesserings as ’n eko-toksikologiese metode om landbewerkingsgrond te evalueer.
Beneficial soil organisms inhabiting healthy soils participate in providing soil ecosystem sevices. Oil refineries generate large quantities of solid waste containing several classes of hydrocarbons as well as metals, which are ploughed into the soil during landfarming to utilise the biodegradation capabilities of the ecosystem of the soil. The contaminants may be toxic to these organisms. For the sustainable use of the services of the ecosystem of the soil, it is crucial to know whether remediation had been sufficient for the intended land use. Indicators are needed to assess the degree of recovery. This study aimed to analyse landfarmed soil at an oil refinery chemically and to assess the toxicity and recovery by using a variety of standardised bioassays with the vermicomposting species Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) and the springtail Folsomia candida (Collembola). The results showed that soil from the landfarming site, despite remediation, still contained several hazardous chemicals such as diesel range organics, but that the soil mixture was not acutely toxic to the exposed test organisms. It did cause a loss in earthworm (E. andrei) biomass, inhibited cocoon production and also decreased juvenile production of the springtail F. candida. The results suggested the site still needs remediation before landfarming should continue. Bioassays provide a more ecologically relevant assessment of the remediation status of the soil and its toxicity than chemical analysis alone. This finding supports the use of bioassays as an ecotoxicological tool for assessment of landfarmed soils.
Beneficial soil organisms inhabiting healthy soils participate in providing soil ecosystem sevices. Oil refineries generate large quantities of solid waste containing several classes of hydrocarbons as well as metals, which are ploughed into the soil during landfarming to utilise the biodegradation capabilities of the ecosystem of the soil. The contaminants may be toxic to these organisms. For the sustainable use of the services of the ecosystem of the soil, it is crucial to know whether remediation had been sufficient for the intended land use. Indicators are needed to assess the degree of recovery. This study aimed to analyse landfarmed soil at an oil refinery chemically and to assess the toxicity and recovery by using a variety of standardised bioassays with the vermicomposting species Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) and the springtail Folsomia candida (Collembola). The results showed that soil from the landfarming site, despite remediation, still contained several hazardous chemicals such as diesel range organics, but that the soil mixture was not acutely toxic to the exposed test organisms. It did cause a loss in earthworm (E. andrei) biomass, inhibited cocoon production and also decreased juvenile production of the springtail F. candida. The results suggested the site still needs remediation before landfarming should continue. Bioassays provide a more ecologically relevant assessment of the remediation status of the soil and its toxicity than chemical analysis alone. This finding supports the use of bioassays as an ecotoxicological tool for assessment of landfarmed soils.
Description
CITATION: Reinecke, A. J., Reinecke, S. A. & Van Wyk, M. 2015. Kan die gevoeligheid van grondlewende organismes bydra om die volhoubaarheid van landbewerking van olieraffinadery afval te beoordeel? Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie, 34(1), Art. #1308, doi:
10.4102/satnt.v34i1.1308.
The original publication is available at http://www.satnt.ac.za
The original publication is available at http://www.satnt.ac.za
Keywords
Oil refinery waste, Soil organisms, Land farmed soils -- Analysis
Citation
Reinecke, A. J., Reinecke, S. A. & Van Wyk, M. 2015. Kan die gevoeligheid van grondlewende organismes bydra om die volhoubaarheid van landbewerking van olieraffinadery afval te beoordeel? Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie, 34(1), Art. #1308, doi:
10.4102/satnt.v34i1.1308.