Research Articles (Clinical Pharmacology)

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Browsing Research Articles (Clinical Pharmacology) by Subject "Anti-inflammatory agents"

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    The influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antithyroid agents on myeloperoxidase-catalysed activities of human leucocytes
    (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1979) Van, Zyl A.; Lubbe, S.; Potgieter, A.; Van Zyl, J.
    Viable leucocytes obtained fresh from normal human subjects were shown to be able to catalyse the in vitro iodination of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a H20 2-generating system. The rate and degree of iodination were greatly improved by sonication of the cells. A balanced salt solution was a more favourable medium than phosphate buffer for the myeloperoxidase (MPO)-catalysed iodination of whole cells and sonicated cells. Reactions known to be catalysed by other peroxidases (e.g_ thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and lactoperoxidase), such as inorganic iodide exchange for organic iodine in di-iodotyrosine (01T) and the de-iodination of thyroxine (T4)' were also catalysed by the sonicated leucocyte suspension in the system used. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin, flufenamic acid and naproxen were far less effective inhibitors of MPO-catalysed BSA iodination of sonicated leucocytes at concentrations expected in blood with therapeutic dose levels than was observed earlier with TPO-catalysed in vitro iodination of BSA. The antithyroid drug ethylmercapto-imidazole (MM!) inhibited in vitro MPO-catalysed "'I delabelling of '''1·01l at all concentrations between 10·' and 10·'M, whereas "'I-T4 delabelling was markedly stimulated at the same drug concentrations. On the other hand, '251 incorporation into '''I-OIT was not affected by increased concentrations of MMI up to 10·'M. At higher drug concentrations the drug caused inhibition of MPO-catalysed exchange of inorganic iodide for organic iodine in Oil.
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    Inhibitory effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on human myeloperoxidase
    (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1979) Theron, C. N.; Lubbe, S.; Van Zyl, A.
    Myeloperoxidase with an A420!280 ratio of 0,48 was prepared from normal human leucocytes. This partially purified preparation catalysed guaiacol oxidation, iodination of bovine serum albumin and de-iodination of 1251-thyroxine. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen, indomethacin and f1ufenamic acid) showed a significant inhibitory effect on myeloperoxidase-catalysed iodination at concentrations of 10"4M and higher. Guaiacol also inhibited myeloperoxidase-catalysed iodination, and its iodination inhibition curve was nearly identical to that obtained with the anti-inflammatory drugs. At concentrations between 10"'M and 10"M the antiinflammatory drugs had very little or no effect on thyroxine de-iodination. Flufenamic acid and indomethacin, however, inhibited de-iodination significantly at a concentration of 10'M. It is postulated that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may inhibit myeloperoxidase-catalysed protein iodination by acting as oxidizable cofactors which compete with other oxidiza'ble substrates for oxidants formed by the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide complex. In view of this and because the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide system may be involved in inflammatory tissue damage, the possibility should be considered that the action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is at least partly attributable to a radical scavenging effect or to sequestration of oxidants.
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    Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physiotherapy - a selective review
    (AOSIS, 2002) Van der Bijl, P.; De Jager, R.; Nel, C. M. M.
    This paper presents a selective review on the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs,which form the mainstay of treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal and rheumatic conditions, may facilitate the efficacy of and compliance with physiotherapy treatment. Their mechanisms of action, adverse effects, various routes of administration, eg systemic versus topical, and the role that these drugs may play in physiotherapy practice are discussed.