Browsing by Author "Nzimakwe, Vusumuzi Pius"

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    Special trends and factors affecting tuberculosis in South Africa (2004-2014) : Evidence from the vital registration systems
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03) Nzimakwe, Vusumuzi Pius; Van Eeden, Amanda; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Geography and Environmental Studies.
    ENGLISH SUMMARY: Background: Worldwide, South Africa is one of the countries which has consistently witnessed no significant reduction in the number of TB deaths. TB in South Africa remains the leading cause of death responsible for almost half of deaths due to communicable disease yearly. Most studies have looked at incidence and prevalence of TB and very few studies have looked at TB mortality at local municipality level in South Africa. Objective: This study examined patterns of TB deaths in South Africa for the period 2004 to 2014 and reviewed possible reasons for such patterns Methods: Data analysis was performed in two levels namely: descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was subdivided into binary logistic regression with TB death as the outcome variable. The model predicts whether one dies from TB or other causes based on selected demographic and socio economic variables. Spatial statistics (Getis-Ord Gi* and Global Moran’s statistics) identified hotspots. Results: In multivariate analysis, age, occupation group, smoking status, were all significant predictors of TB deaths while marital status was found to be insignificant. Spatial patterns indicate clustering of high values. The results also show that positive values were nearby each other and in the North West Province, City of Matlosana, Naledi and Ventersdorp municipalities had H-H. EThekwini metro recorded significant reduction in the number of TB deaths and desktop reviews show that proximity of clinics to households, TB programs by USAID and implementation of DOTS strategy was responsible for this reduction. Municipalities in the North West province had highest number of standardized TB death rates compared to other municipalities. Conclusion: These results show that there is no single solution in addressing TB deaths but programs aimed at reducing TB deaths should be local municipality based as challenges in delivering TB control programs differ from one municipality to another.