Browsing by Author "Neyrolles, Olivier"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Promoter variation in the DC-SIGN–Encoding Gene CD209 is associated with tuberculosis
    (Public Library of Science (PLOS), 2006-01) Barreiro, Luis B.; Neyrolles, Olivier; Babb, Chantal L.; Tailleux, Ludovic; Quach, Helene; McElreavey, Ken; Van Helden, Paul D.; Hoal, Eileen G.; Gicquel, Brigitte; Quintana-Murci, Lluis
    Background Tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The C-type lectin DC-SIGN is known to be the major M. tuberculosis receptor on human dendritic cells. We reasoned that if DC-SIGN interacts with M. tuberculosis, as well as with other pathogens, variation in this gene might have a broad range of influence in the pathogenesis of a number of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis. Methods and Findings We tested whether polymorphisms in CD209, the gene encoding DC-SIGN, are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis through sequencing and genotyping analyses in a South African cohort. After exclusion of significant population stratification in our cohort, we observed an association between two CD209 promoter variants ( 871G and 336A) and decreased risk of developing tuberculosis. By looking at the geographical distribution of these variants, we observed that their allelic combination is mainly confined to Eurasian populations. Conclusions Our observations suggest that the two 871G and 336A variants confer protection against tuberculosis. In addition, the geographic distribution of these two alleles, together with their phylogenetic status, suggest that they may have increased in frequency in non-African populations as a result of host genetic adaptation to a longer history of exposure to tuberculosis. Further characterization of the biological consequences of DC-SIGN variation in tuberculosis will be crucial to better appreciate the role of this lectin in interactions between the host immune system and the tubercle bacillus as well as other pathogens.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    TBVAC2020 : advancing tuberculosis vaccines from discovery to clinical development
    (Frontiers, 2017-10) Kaufmann, Stefan H. E.; Dockrell, Hazel M.; Drager, Nick; Ho, Mei Mei; McShane, Helen; Neyrolles, Olivier; Ottenhoff, Tom H. M.; Patel, Brij; Roordink, Danielle; Spertini, Francois; Stenger, Steffen; Thole, Jelle; Verreck, Frank A. W.; Williams, Ann; Consortium, TBVAC2020
    TBVAC2020 is a research project supported by the Horizon 2020 program of the European Commission (EC). It aims at the discovery and development of novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines from preclinical research projects to early clinical assessment. The project builds on previous collaborations from 1998 onwards funded through the EC framework programs FP5, FP6, and FP7. It has succeeded in attracting new partners from outstanding laboratories from all over the world, now totaling 40 institutions. Next to the development of novel vaccines, TB biomarker development is also considered an important asset to facilitate rational vaccine selection and development. In addition, TBVAC2020 offers portfolio management that provides selection criteria for entry, gating, and priority settings of novel vaccines at an early developmental stage. The TBVAC2020 consortium coordinated by TBVI facilitates collaboration and early data sharing between partners with the common aim of working toward the development of an effective TB vaccine. Close links with funders and other consortia with shared interests further contribute to this goal.