Browsing by Author "Malherbe, Johanna Francina"

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    n Kultuurhistoriese ontleding van gebou en bewoner : gevallestudies van Residensie en Avondrust, Graaff-Reinet
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1998) Malherbe, Johanna Francina; Burden, Matilda; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of History.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In order to do an analysis of the cultural history of the Graaff-Reinet houses Residency and A vondrust, it is necessary to study the history of the town and the different architectural trends which had an influence on its buildings. The first part of this study is a short historical sketch of Graaff-Reinet to place the establishment of the town (1786) as well as other important events in perpective. Church history, economic development, education, architecture and conservation, of which all had an influence on the development of the town, are discussed. When acquainted with the history of the town, it is possible to place the buildings Residency and A vondrust in context. The different facets of Cape Dutch architecture are discussed to form a framework in which Residency (built around 1819) can be evaluated. The architectural details of the gables, doors, windows, walls, ground-plan, roof, loft and kitchen of the house are discussed in depth. Baroque, Rococo and Neo-Classical gables as well as ground-plan development of Cape Cutch houses in general are addressed. The architecture of A vondrust is placed in context by means of a description of the style revival trend and attendant styles such as Neo Queen Anne, Edwardian Baroque, Cape Dutch Revival, Eclecticism and the Arts and Crafts Movement. The architects who played a role in these revivals are also discussed. In the discussion of the architecture of Avondrust the gables, roof, outer doors, windows and verandas receive attention. Reference is also made to the walls and interior. Current as well as previous owners of both houses and the roles they play in the community of Graaff-Reinet are reviewed. Historical events which occurred during their lifetimes and their ways of life give the reader a unique perspective on the history of the town.
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    Die rol van neentiende-eeuse fotografie in eietydse bewaring : William Roe en Graaff-Reinet
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-12) Malherbe, Johanna Francina; Burden, M.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of History.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims to understand the role that 19th century photography can play in the reconstruction of an era and in the conservation of cultural heritage in the 21st century. The photo collection of William Roe, a photographer from Graaff-Reinet, is used as an example. The origin and development of Graaff-Reinet is used as background information and major events such as the Great Trek, the arrival of the railway, the Anglo-Boer War, the First World War and the Great Flu are touched upon. Aspects such as education, churches, the library and the hospital in Graaff-Reinet complement the study. An overview of the development of photography covers several early photo-making processes. These include the daguerreotype process, Talbot's paper negative process, collotype and the popular carte de visite photographs. Photography specifically in South Africa is also conferred, with particular reference to the first photographers working in the country. Reference is made to the important influences major events like the discovery of diamonds and gold as well as the Anglo-Boer War had on photography. The discussion of William Roe as human being and his legacy as a photographer forms an integral part of the study. The Victorian period is discussed since this was the period in which Roe worked and lived. It had a formative influence on his workmanship. An overview of the Victorian period in England is followed by specific focus on South Africa during this time. The rush to the diamond fields, issues with language and the trends of the times are pointed out. Many of these trends are specifically indicated and discussed as they appear in Roe’s photos. The photos have been categorized to clarify analysis of the different cultural phenomena. The architecture and historical background of Graaff-Reinet’s churches and public buildings are discussed. Streetscapes and images of the town as a whole show the development and daily activities that took place. Photos of clothing represent a reconstruction of the fashions of the concurrent Victorian era and those of public events such as sporting events, celebrations, plays and a gathering during the Anglo-Boer War, display the social life of the community. The role of human memory in the writing of cultural history is compared with the “memory” role of photographs. At the same time the ability of photographs to reflect not only physical culture, but also abstract concepts, receives attention. The use of these abilities of photography in the preservation of culture is a challenge for conservationists of the 21th century.