Browsing by Author "Louw, L."

Now showing 1 - 15 of 15
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    Analysis of the use of space and module-configured packaging to improve fruit export mass in a refrigerated container
    (Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering, 2019) Louw, L.; Nel, S.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African fruit export industry is a key contributor to thecountry’s economy, and must be managed efficiently to that ensure its vital role is maintained. Significant increases in reefer freight rates have placed substantial pressure on the fruit export industry to find new and innovative ways of improving the space / volume use of fruit in these reefer containers. Improvements must adhere to key constraints to ensure that fruit quality and shelf life are not compromised. This paper analyses the current potential for increasing the mass of stone and pome fruit that is exported in reefer containers. The study indicates that pome fruit has the greatest opportunity for improvement, whereas stone fruit has less room for improving the use of space / volume. Proposed improvement methods are: optimal packing arrangements of fruit; improved packaging and pallet dimensions (special pallet sizes); improved stacking arrangements of cartons on pallets and pallets in reefers; and lastly, the use of slip sheets instead of pallets.
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    Architecting the enterprise towards enhanced innovation capability
    (Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering, 2017-12-13) Louw, L.; Schutte, C. S. L.; Du Preez, N. D.; Essmann, H. E.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In today’s competitive environment, organisations cannot afford to focus only on effectiveness and efficiencies – they also need to innovate. This is evident from most literature sources on innovation. Innovation topics, such as the innovation process and the drivers, barriers, principles, and success factors for innovation, have received a lot of attention in the literature. What is still lacking, however, is a consolidated view of the core requirements for building an innovation capability within an organisation. This paper lays the foundation for an innovation capability reference architecture by identifying those innovation success factors or requirements described in the literature, and consolidating and structuring it within an easy-to-use enterprise architecture framework.
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    Characterization of selected South African young cultivar wines using FTMIR Spectroscopy, Gas chromatography, and multivariate data analysis
    (2009) Louw, L.; Roux, K.; Tredoux, A.; Tomic, O.; Naes, T.; Nieuwoudt, Helene; Van Rensburg, P.
    The powerful combination of analytical chemistry and chemometrics and its application to wine analysis provide a way to gain knowledge and insight into the inherent chemical composition of wine and to objectively distinguish between wines. Extensive research programs are focused on the chemical characterization of wine to establish industry benchmarks and authentication systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the volatile composition and mid-infrared spectroscopic profiles of South African young cultivar wines with chemometrics to identify compositional trends and to distinguish between the different cultivars. Data were generated by gas chromatography and FTMIR spectroscopy and investigated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Significant differences were found in the volatile composition of the cultivar wines, with marked similarities in the composition of Pinotage wines and white wines, specifically for 2-phenylethanol, butyric acid, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, and isobutyric acid. Of the 26 compounds that were analyzed, 14 had odor activity values of > 1. The volatile composition and FTMIR spectra both contributed to the differentiation between the cultivar wines. The best discrimination model between the white wines was based on FTMIR spectra (98.3% correct classification), whereas a combination of spectra and volatile compounds (86.8% correct classification) was best to discriminate between the red wine cultivars. © 2009 American Chemical Society.
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    The College of Nuclear Physicians of South Africa practice guidelines on peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in neuroendocrine tumours
    (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2018) Lawal, I.; Louw, L.; Warwick, James M.; Nyakale, N.; Steyn, R.; Lengana, T.; Ellmann, A.; Kotze, T; Vangu, M.; Vorster, M.; Sathekge, M.
    Background: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for metastatic or inoperable neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) is a systemic therapy which targets somatostatin receptors overexpressed by differentiated NETs for endoradiotherapy. This guideline has been compiled by the College of Nuclear Physicians of the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa, with endorsement by the South African Society of Nuclear Medicine and the Association of Nuclear Physicians to guide Nuclear Medicine Physicians in its application during the management of these patients. Recommendations: Patients with well- to moderately-differentiated NETs should be comprehensively worked-up to determine their suitability for PRRT. Treatment should be administered by a Nuclear Medicine Physician in a licensed, appropriately equipped and fully staffed facility. Patient monitoring is mandatory during and after each therapy cycle to identify and treat therapy-related adverse events. Patients should also be followed-up after completion of therapy cycles for monitoring of long-term toxicities and response assessment. Conclusion: PRRT is a safe and effective therapy option in patients with differentiated NETs. Its use in appropriate patients is associated with a survival benefit.
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    Fermentation-derived aroma compounds in varietal young wines from South Africa
    (SASEV, 2010-09) Louw, L.; Tredoux, A. G. J.; Van Rensburg, P.; Kidd, M.; Naes, T.; Nieuwoudt, Helene
    The volatile composition of 925 single cultivar young Sauvignon blanc, Chardonnay, Pinotage, Merlot, Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon wines of vintages 2005 to 2007, was determined using gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection. Compositional data were compared to published data on young wines from South Africa and other countries. South African young wines analysed in this study had a largely similar volatile composition to that reported in the literature. Significant between-vintage and between-cultivar differences were observed in the volatile composition of the wines investigated in this study. The concentration ranges of four compounds in red wines, hexanol, propanol, diethyl succinate and ethyl lactate, and four compounds in white wines, 2-phenylethanol, hexanoic acid, isoamyl acetate and propanol, were not influenced by vintage effects. This finding was interpreted as the first indication that typical concentration ranges for some aroma compounds can be established for South African young cultivar wines. A trend was observed in the white wines that the alcohols and their respective acetate esters, as well as fatty acids and their ethyl esters, were responsible for the vintage-related effects. Differences in volatile composition between Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc wines could also largely be explained on the same basis. Classification models were established to discriminate between individual red wine cultivars and between the two white wine cultivars and correct classification rates of respectively, 79 % and 85 % were achieved.
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    Impact of invasive alien plants on water provision in selected catchments
    (Water SA, 2018) Preston, I. R.; Le Maitre, D. C.; Blignaut, J. N.; Louw, L.; Palmer, C. G.
    We analyse the impact of failing to control invasive alien plants (IAPs) on the water supply to the Berg River and De Hoop Dams, in other words, the opportunity cost of not clearing IAPs in these two catchments. To do this we used models to assess and compare the impact of current and future invasions on inflows into the dams. Although the clearing of current invasions would only provide a modest increase in the amount of water compared to, for example, the construction of another dam, failure to clear the invasion will have a negative impact on water security in the long term. We estimated that the Berg River Dam could lose up to 51% of its mean annual inflows to IAPs over a 45-year period, and the De Hoop Dam catchment could lose up to 44%. These impacts would continue to increase over time, and the costs of control could become very high as the plants invade rugged terrain. Major infrastructural development requires Ministerial approval, supported by advice from senior officials. We suggest that such advice should substantively take sufficient account of the benefits of clearing existing invasions, or at least of preventing further invasions. Our results suggest that serious consequences arise from insufficient investment in catchment management. An integrated approach to the management of the supply of and demand for water, that ensures long-term sustainability, is essential in informed decision-making and the early control of IAPs is a key component of that approach.
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    The influences of different winemaking techniques on the mouthfeel of Shiraz grapes
    (South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2015) Nel, A. P.; Louw, L.; Lambrechts, M. G.; Van Rensburg, P.
    The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ripeness and of different tannin extraction methods on the sensory properties of wine, with a specific focus on mouthfeel properties. Quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was performed to evaluate the sensory properties of 20 young Shiraz wines in two phases. In Phase 1, wines from a cool area were evaluated and, in Phase 2, wines from a warm area were evaluated. Clear differences were found between the wines from the two regions. Wines from the cooler region were generally associated with higher levels of total non-flavonoids and total anthocyanins, and more intense numbing and puckering sensations. In contrast, the wines from the warmer region as a group were associated with a more drying and grippy mouthfeel, as well as less total anthocyanins and total non-flavonoids. In the set of wines from the cooler region, the effect of ripeness was more pronounced than in the set of wines from the warmer region. In both cases, riper grapes resulted in a coarser surface smoothness, a more numbing sensation, a bitter aftertaste and less adhesive mouthfeel. The wines from the cooler region that were harvested at a riper stage were associated with many of the anthocyanins/ anthocyanin derivatives and were negatively associated with hydroxycinnamate, procyanidin B1 and delphinidin-3-glucoside-p-coumaric acid. In the warmer area, the riper grapes were again associated with anthocyanins/anthocyanin derivatives, but this time were strongly associated with procyanidin B2, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, catechin, coutaric acid and total non-flavonoids. The effect of tannin extraction method on the sensory properties of the wines from the warmer region was more pronounced than in the wines from the cooler region. Unfortunately, the differentiation between treatments was not consistent from one ripeness level to the next. However, it appeared that the cold soak treatment differed the least from the control, regardless of region or ripeness, whereas the post-maceration treatment differed the most based on mouthfeel and phenolic composition. Although some mouthfeel attributes and phenolic compounds were consistently associated with region and ripeness, it is not clear if mouthfeel can be manipulated consistently by tannin extraction methods.
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    Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of neuroendocrine tumors : how important is internal dosimetry?
    (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2019) Lawal, I.; Louw, L.; Warwick, James; Nyakale, N.; Steyn, R.; Lengana, T.; Ellmann, A.; Kotze, T.; Vangu, M.; Vorster, M.; Sathekge, M.
    No abstract available
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    A systematic review of 3PLS’ entry into reverse logistics
    (Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering, 2018-11-08) Tombido, Locadia Linda; Louw, L.; Van Eeden, Joubert
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The concepts of Industry 4.0 and closed loop supply chains are becoming popular as logistics management evolves. Industry 4.0, through its instruments such as cloud manufacturing and the Internet of Things, has been known to improve operations management significantly. At the same time, closed loop supply chains have gained momentum with the increase in environmental sustainability issues. However, closed loop supply chains are often associated with uncertainties in the timing, quality, and quantity of returns. For these and other reasons, most organisations employ third parties to perform most reverse logistics activities. This paper systematically reviews the literature on the entry and use of third parties in reverse logistics with the objective of providing researchers with future research directions for this fast-emerging topic. The results show that there is a need to expand on the literature and on managerial issues such as performance measurement of reverse logistics networks with third parties. The literature also needs to consider how third parties use technological aspects such as Industry 4.0 to manage and operate reverse supply chains successfully.
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    Towards a flexible innovation process model assuring quality and customer needs
    (Southern African Institute for Industrial Engineering, 2018) Louw, L.; Schutte, C. S. L.; Seidel, C.; Imser, C.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Successful innovation projects require an adequate innovation management capability in organisations. This means a sufficiently rigorous, continuous, and goal-oriented management of innovation processes. The literature research demonstrates that an integrated innovation methodology requires highly qualitative processes that are both flexible and customer-specific in their design. This work focuses on the FuGle® innovation process model, which is applied at the Industrial Engineering Department of Stellenbosch University. The enhanced FuGle® innovation process model presents flexible processes that are supported by methods and techniques that guide the user to drive innovation projects. This paper presents an innovation approach that enables organisations proactively to manage customer needs and trends. Thus the enhanced FuGle® innovation process model aims to turn an innovation project into a marketable product.
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    Validation of two Napping techniques as rapid sensory screening tools for high alcohol products.
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND,OXON, OX5 1GB, 2013) Louw, L.; Malherbe, S.; Naes, T.; Lambrechts, M. G.; Van Rensburg, P.; Nieuwoudt, Helene