Doctoral Degrees (Sociology and Social Anthropology)

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Browsing Doctoral Degrees (Sociology and Social Anthropology) by browse.metadata.advisor "Cilliers, S. P."

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    Dependency theory and urbanisation in Southern Africa : a conceptual critique
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1990-03) Graaff, Johann Frederick de Villiers); Cilliers, S. P.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology & Social Anthropology.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Marxist development theory has been in trouble recently. As it has been applied in Southern. Africa, this theoretical stream originated in the theories of Arrlre Gunder Frank and Imnanuel Wallerstein. From the critique against these theories, most notably by Ernesto Laclau and Robert Brenner, a new theoretical direction arose. This was called modes of production theory. However, today this theory is also in crisis as a result of EP Thampson' s withering attack on Althusser. Amid the debris of such old theories, same writers feel that Marxist development theory is at an impasse. New directions are being sought in Weber and various micro-theories. These writers are being unnecessarily pessimistic. New theories are already emerging from the ruins of the old, as one would expect them to. The central concern of this thesis, then, is the new direction in which Marxist development theory might move in order to go beyond its present dilemma's in its consideration of the Southern African context. There are three main elements necessary for viable renewal. All of these draw on Anthony Giddens' structuration theory. The first is a theory of the postcolonial or peripheral state which avoids instrumentalist and functionalist notions. These latter see the state as subjected to the interests of the ruling class or to the logic of capitalist development. But state incumbents in peripheral countries have distinct enough interests and anxieties, on the one hand, and sufficient resources, on the other hand, to make them a separate class with a significant measure of independence over and against both national and international bourgeoisies. The second innovation in Marxist development theory concerns the relationship between core and periphery. Core-periphery interaction is conceptually worth retaining on condition that it jettisons the stagnationist, quantitative, unidimensional and uninodal assumptions introduced by Frank and Wallerstein. Core and periphery thus interact at international, national, regional and intra-urban levels. Such levels are superimposed 'on to' each other and operate simultaneously. In addition, cores exercise their dominance over peripheries in multifarious ways which include both trade am class mechanisms. Exploitation is therefore not a quantative, zero-sum game, but a qualitative relational one. Finally, once one moves beyond neat notions of discrete systems each with a single core, it becomes possible to think of multiple systems, not only superimposed 'on top of' each other, but also existing 'next to' each other. The interaction between defies neat boundaries. The final innovation in Marxist development theory concerns the notion of structure. Earlier Marxist writers, following Althusser and Poulantzas, were strongly structuralist positivist. Later Marxists, particularly among social historians in South African, by contrast, have been influenced by subjectivist and relativist theories. Structuration theory rejects both of these polarities. Giddens proposes that social analysis must start with subjective meaning, as subjectivist theories would say. Unlike subjectivist theories, structure must be seen as constitutive of subjective meaning. At the epistemological level Giddens also rejects relativism. In this view a form of critical theory which applies to both the object and the subject of theory can replace vicious with virtuous cycles of knowledge.
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    Kontak en assosiasie van Kleurling met Bantoe in die Kaapse Skiereiland
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1958) Du Toit, Andries Stephanus; Cilliers, S. P.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology.
    AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedurende 1955 het daar by verskeie persone aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosoh die gedagte onstaan dat daar 'n omvattende studie van die Wes-Kaaplandse streek, en veral van die posisie van die Kleurlingbevolking, van hierdie gebied, gedoen moes word. Die doel van die ondersoek, die Wes-Kaaplandse Navorsingspro jek wat uit hierdie gedagte ontstaan het, is om 'n sosio-ekonomiese studie van die nie-blanke bevolkingegroepe van Wes-Kaapland te maak met spesiale verwysing na die posisie van die Kleurling. Assulks dien hierdie projek verder as 'n noodsaaklike onder-afdeling van 'n sistematiese ondersoek na die ekonomiese posisie en ontwikkelings-moontlikhede van Suid-Afrika en die rasse-vraagstukke wat daarmee saamhang. Hierdie Navorsingsprojek het in 1955 in aanvang geneem en word gesteun deur die Raad vir Sosiale Navorsing.
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    Local bargaining in industrial relations with special reference to South Africa
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1990-01) Kritzinger, Andrienetta Susanna; Cilliers, S. P.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology & Social Anthropology.
    ENGLISH SUMMARY: This analysis of local bargaining is primarily theoretical and conceptual in nature re and done in four r main parts. The first part deals with different theoretical perspectives on industrial relations and the role each perspective assigns to collective bargaining and trade unions. The nature and various elements of collective bargaining are explored in more detail in order to arrive at a definition of local bargaining. In Part Two, the structures through which local bargaining has historically been conducted in South African industrial relations are discussed. This is done against the backdrop of an analysis of local bargaining as it has evolved in the industrial relations systems of the following countries: Great Britain, Japan, West Germany and the United States of America. Tendencies towards more decentralised bargaining are also identified in those countries hitherto known for their highly centralised bargaining structures. In Part Three, the factors underlying the development and establishment of local bargaining within the South African industrial relations context are explored. The role of macro-economic factors, government policy and labour legislation is analysed within the context of the history of labour unions, employer organisations and bargaining patterns. It is argued that the link between these sociopolitical and economic factors and the establishment of local bargaining is not necessarily simple and direct but that these factors more often relate to local bargaining via the intervening variables of ·the attitudes and power of bargaining parties conditioned by perceptions of vested interests. In addition to the abovementioned environmental considerations, the conditions pertaining to a specific enterprise, plant or shop floor situation and the manner in which these factors relate to the establishment of local bargaining are analysed. These variables include labour power, labour organisation, leadership, management attitude and policy as well as management structure. In Part Four, the most important implications of local Bargaining for the power relationship between employers/management and workers are assessed. These are seen to be the challenge that local bargaining represents for so-called managerial rights and prerogatives and the extent to which it presents workers with a means to participate in management decision-making and to gain some measure of control over their work lives. In all of this, the Industrial Court is seen to play a crucial role in the context of local bargaining being conducted between especially black workers and employers/management within South African establishments. In conclusion, the extent to which the establishment and extension of local bargaining in South African industrial relations corresponds with trends elsewhere while retaining its unique character and role, is assessed.
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    Die rolle van die man en die vrou in die Kaapse Kleurlinggesin
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1961) Steyn, Anna F.; Cilliers, S. P.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology.
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    Structural-functional analysis in theoretical sociology : a methodological inquiry
    (Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1967-12) Slabbert, F. van Zyl (Frederik van Zyl),1940-2010; Cilliers, S. P.; University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology
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    Tegniese, ekonomiese en sosiologiese determinante van doeltreffendheid in wingerdboerdery
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1970) Burger, Johan Devrye; Cilliers, S. P.; Orffer, C. J.; Kassier, W. E.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Sociology and Social Anthropology.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available