The effect of 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) and 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleoside-phosphate (ZMP) on myocardial glucose uptake

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorHuisamen, Barbara
dc.contributor.advisorLochner, Amanda
dc.contributor.authorWebster, Ingrid
dc.contributor.otherStellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences. Dept. of Biomedical Sciences. Medical Physiology.en_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2012-08-27T11:33:26Z
dc.date.available2012-08-27T11:33:26Z
dc.date.issued2005-03
dc.descriptionThesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Exercise increases skeletal muscle glucose uptake via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and GLUT4 translocation from cytosol to cell membrane. It also promotes glucose utilisation in type 2 diabetic patients via increased insulin sensitivity. Insulin stimulates GLUT4 translocation by activating P13- kinase and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt). We therefore postulated that a connection exists between these two pathways upstream of GLUT4 translocation. Understanding this connection is important in the development of treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes. This exercise-induced increase in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation can be mimicked by a pharmacological agent, 5'-aminoimidazole-4- carboxamide ribonucleoside (AlGAR), which is converted intracellularly into 5'- aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleosidephosphate (ZMP), an AMP analogue. Aim: To investigate the effect of two pharmacological AMPK-activating compounds, ZMP and AlGAR, on the phosphorylation of AMPK, the phosphorylation of PKB/Akt as well as possible feedback on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. Materials and Methods: Adult ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated from male Wistar rats by collagenase perfusion and treated with 1 mM AlGAR or 1 mM ZMP in the presence or absence of 100 nM insulin or 100 nM wortmannin, an inhibitor of P13- kinase. Glucose uptake was measured via eH]-2-deoxyglucose (2DG) accumulation. PKB/Akt and AMPK phosphorylation and GLUT4 translocation was detected by Western blotting. Purinergic receptors were blocked with 8-cyclopentyl-1,3- dipropylxanthine (8CPT) and the effect on AMPK phosphorylation noted. Certain results were confinned or refuted by repeating experiments using the isolated rat heart model. Results: AICAR and ZMP promoted AMPK phosphorylation. Neither drug increased glucose uptake but in fact inhibited basal glucose uptake, although GLUT4 translocation from cytosol to membrane occurred. Both compounds also attenuated insulin stimulated glucose uptake. Wortmann in abolished glucose uptake and PKB/Akt phosphorylation elicited by insulin while, in the presence of wortmannin, AICAR and ZMP increased levels of PKB/Akt phosphorylation. Although AICAR and ZMP increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, this was not seen in cardiomyocytes. However both compounds increased GLUT4 translocation, clearly demonstrating that translocation and activation of GLUT4 are separate processes. 8CPT had no effect on the phosphorylation of AMPK by either AICAR or ZMP indicating that there was no involvement of the purinergic receptors. Conclusion: Although AICAR and ZMP increase glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, this was not seen in cardiomyocytes. Conversely, both compounds inhibited both basal and insulin stimulated glucose uptake despite increasing GLUT4 translocation. Inhibition of PI3-kinase in presence or absence of insulin unmasked hitherto unknown effects of AICAR and ZMP on PKB phosphorylation.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractAFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond: Oefening verhoog skeletspier glukose opname via AMP-geaktiveerde protein kinase (AMPK) aktivering en GLUT4 translokering vanaf die sitosol na die selmembraan. Dit verbeter ook glukose verbruik in tipe 2 diabetes pasiënte via verhoogde insulien sensitiwiteit. Insulien stimuleer GLUT4 translokering deur P13- kinase en protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) te aktiveer. Dit word dus gepostuleer dat daar 'n verbinding tussen hierdie twee paaie, wat beide betrokke is by GLUT4 translokering, bestaan. Dit is belangrik om hierdie verbinding te verstaan aangesien dit in behandelingstrategieë van tipe 2 diabetes geteiken kan word. Die oefening geïnduseerde verhoging in AMPK aktivering, kan deur 'n farmakologiese middel 5'- aminoimidasool-4-karboksamied ribonukleosied (AICAR), wat intrasellulêr omgesit word na 5'-aminoimidasool-4-karboksamied-ribonukleosiedfosfaat (ZMP), 'n AMP analoog, nageboots word. Doel: Om die effek van twee farmakologiese AMPK-aktiveringsmiddels, AICAR en ZMP, op die fosforilering van AMPK en PKB/Akt, sowel as moontlike effekte daarvan op insulien-gestimuleerde glukose opname en GLUT4 translokering, te ondersoek. Materiale en Metodes: Volwasse ventrikulêre kardiomiosiete is uit manlike Wistar rotharte geïsoleer d.m.v kollagenase perfusies en behandel met 1 mM AICAR of 1 mM ZMP in die teenwoordigheid of afwesigheid van 100 nM insulien of 100 nM wortmannin. Glukose opname is gemeet via intrasellulêre [3H]-2-deoksiglukose akkumulasie; PKB/Akt en AMPK fosforilering sowel as GLUT4 translokering is bepaal deur Western blot analises. Purinergiese reseptore is geblokkeer met 8-siklopentiel- 1,3-dipropielxanthien (8CPT) en die effek daarvan op AMPK fosforilering genoteer. Ten einde resultate wat in die geïsoleerde kardiomiosiet-model verkry is, te bevestig, is sekere eksperimente in die geïsoleerde rothart herhaal. Resultate: Beide AIGAR en ZMP stimuleer AMPK fosforilering. Die middels kan nie glukose opname verhoog nie, inteendeel, basale glukose opname is onderdruk alhoewel GLUT4 translokering vanaf die sitosol na die selmembraan wel plaasgevind het. Wortmannin kon insulien gemedieerde glukose opname en PKB/Akt fosforilering onderdruk. In die teenwoordigheid van wortmannin het beide AIGAR en ZMP PKB/Akt fosforilering verhoog. Alhoewel beide AIGAR en ZMP glukose opname in skeletspier verhoog, was dit nie die geval in kardiomiosiete nie. Beide middels het wel GLUT 4 translokering verhoog, wat duidelik demonstreer dat die translokering en aktivering van GLUT4, verskillende prosesse is. 8GPT het geen effek gehad op die fosforilering van AMPK deur AIGAR of ZMP nie, wat bewys dat daar geen betrokkenheid van die purinergiese reseptore was nie. Gevolgtrekking: Alhoewel AIGAR en ZMP glukose opname in skeletspier verhoog is dit nie die geval in kardiomiosiete nie. Beide middels inhibeer basale en insuliengestimuleerde glukose opname maar stimuleer GLUT4 translokeering. Inhibisie van PI3-kinase in die teenwoordigheid of afwesigheid van insulien, ontmasker voorheen onbekende effekte van AIGAR en ZMP op PKB/Akt fosforilering.af_ZA
dc.format.extent168 p. : ill.
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50483
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherStellenbosch : Stellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.rights.holderStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.subjectGlucose -- Metabolismen_ZA
dc.subjectGlucose -- Physiological transporten_ZA
dc.subjectHeart cellsen_ZA
dc.subjectProtein kinases -- Physiological effecten_ZA
dc.subjectSkeleton -- Muscles -- Physiologyen_ZA
dc.subjectDissertations -- Medicineen_ZA
dc.titleThe effect of 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) and 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-ribonucleoside-phosphate (ZMP) on myocardial glucose uptakeen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
webster_effect_2005.pdf
Size:
32.81 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Download
Collections
Masters Degrees (Medical Physiology)