Masters Degrees (Nursing and Midwifery)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (Nursing and Midwifery) by browse.metadata.advisor "Cohen, M. A."

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    Barriers affecting the implementation of the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist by staff in a private hospital in the Cape Metropole
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-04) Sauls, Peter Jonathan; Cohen, M. A.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Nursing & Midwifery.
    ENGLISH SUMMARY : Adverse events or near misses in the operating room (OR) is the result of negligence, medical malpractice and management that compromise patient safety which may result in wrong patient, wrong procedure and wrong site/side surgery. The World Health Organisation developed the Safe Surgical Checklist in 2008 as a systematic approach towards the improvement of peri-operative patient safety and reduces the risk of harm. The reliability of this process when implemented correctly has been widely published as invaluable. However, the researcher of this study, observed in clinical practice that adherence to the protocol is frequently inconsistent and may obstruct its efficacy. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the OR staff’s perception of the implementation and efficacy of the checklist used in one private hospital in the Cape Metropolitan district of South Africa. A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional quantitative approach using a case study design was applied. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Validity and reliability of the tool was assured by means of published research (Chronbach 0.70), a pilot study and consultation with nursing experts and a statistician. The total population was N=125 and included surgeons, anaesthetists and OR staff specifically involved in the surgical procedure. A response rate of 53% was achieved. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Stellenbosch and the institution’s ethical review board. Informed written consent was acquired from the participants. Data was analysed descriptively by the statistician and is presented in frequencies and tables. No inferential statistic calculations were performed as advised by the statistician. The analysis highlighted revealed that improper use of the SSC, a lack of training and a lack of management involvement may limit the benefits of the surgical safety checklist. In summary it is recommended to encourage continuous staff awareness campaigns to enhance the effective implementation of the SSC and promote a culture of safety among the surgical team.
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    Opinions of professional nurses on succession planning in a paediatric context
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012-03) Petersen, Marleen Patricia; Cohen, M. A.; Stellenberg, E. L.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Health Sciences. Dept. of Interdisciplinary Health Science. Nursing Science.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There is no formal succession plan for paediatric professional nurses (PNs) in academic, tertiary hospitals in the Western Cape. A lack of a succession plan could have major implications for the sustainability of effective and efficient health care services (Department of Health, DoH, 2010:1). Therefore, a systematic scientific investigation is required to determine the opinions of PNs regarding the characteristics or criteria for a succession plan in a paediatric organization. The aim of this study was to determine the opinions of paediatric PNs regarding succession or career planning in academic, tertiary hospitals in the Western Cape. A quantitative approach with an exploratory, descriptive, non-experimental design was applied by means of a questionnaire survey which consisted of closed and openended questions. Reliability and validity were assured by means of a pilot study and consultation with nursing experts and a statistician. Cronbach’s alpha test was used to test for internal consistency between the responses to the 3-point Likert scale and dichotomous questions on the characteristics of an ideal succession plan. The data was collected by means of a self-administered, structured questionnaire to elicit opinions regarding the characteristics of an ideal succession plan that includes a career plan. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Stellenbosch. Permission for access to the hospitals was obtained from the hospital and nursing managers. Informed written consent was obtained from the participants. The questionnaires were distributed personally by the researcher at two hospitals and via the assistant manager in nursing at one hospital. Data was analysed by the statistician and descriptive statistics were presented by means of frequency distribution tables and histograms. Furthermore, the existence of relationships between variables was compared by means of a t-test or when assumptions of the t-test were not fulfilled an appropriate non-parametric test was considered. The results were evidence of the need for the development of a succession plan based on Benner’s Novice to Expert Model for paediatric PNs in academic, tertiary hospitals in the Western Cape. In addition, participants’ opinions on the value of a succession plan, including a career plan showed multiple benefits that will outweigh its challenges once developed and implemented. Recommendations are based on the scientific evidence that show the urgent need for the development and implementation of a formal five level skill-based clinical training programme that includes a 360-degree feedback system for paediatric PNs by means of an integrated, collaborative approach. The development and implementation of a formal succession plan will strengthen and enhance the retention of the various levels of competent, proficient and expert paediatric PNs. In addition, a formal succession plan will attract and motivate the novice and advance beginners to progress to competent, proficient and expert levels.
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    Perceptions and experiences of a multicultural peri operative nursing team in a middle Eastern hospital
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012-03) Nortje, Louise; Cohen, M. A.; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Health Sciences. Dept. of Interdisciplinary Health Science. Nursing Science.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The researcher has identified in her place of work that the multicultural views and work experience of the staff negatively impacts on optimal team coherence and patient care. Given the pivotal role that teamwork plays in an OR, it is required of the peri-operative (PO) nurses working in a Middle Eastern hospital, to develop a high cultural sensitivity and awareness of each other's values. The goal of the study through the hermeneutic inquiry was to identify the PO participants’ meanings of their perceptions and experiences within a multicultural workforce in the OR environment. A phenomenological interpretative research design was used to illuminate the phenomenon of team coherence and to answer the question, “What are the perceptions and experiences of a multicultural PO nursing team in a Middle Eastern hospital.” A purposive sample of n=13 was drawn from a population of 107 PO nurses. A semi-structured interview guide was designed and validated before data collection. Ethical approval and permission to conduct the research was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch and the Institutional Review Board of the Hospital. The data that emerged from the data analysis was coded and categorized into themes and constitute patterns. The four patterns were multiculturalism within PO nurse teams contributes to complex group dynamics; the pervasive influence of the medical model and power struggle on group cohesion; dominance renders the PO nurses powerless; and empowerment is the panacea to improving team communication. The researcher compiled a written account of the interpretations that emerged from the data analysis and verified it with an external research reviewer. In, addition, member checking was done on two (2) of the participants from the individual interviews to validate the transcribed data. The Conceptual Theoretical Framework of Habermas on Critical Social Theory and Freire’s model of Oppressed Group Behavior supports the findings of the study. The findings suggest that cultural values clarification should change the behavior of the PO nurses and team building activities should enhance group cohesion. Policies on disruptive behavior will create an awareness to illuminate fear and reiterate selfworth. However, empowerment through education, reflection in action and active communication was to liberate powerless PO nurses in a multicultural environment. The pervasive influence of the medical model can be overcome with strong leadership. Furthermore, culturally sensitive leadership might be essential to sustain a supportive and growth producing culture. Further research is recommended.